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Property and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and equipment at December 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of the following:


	2019			2018			Estimated Useful Life
Office equipment	$	8,660,163		$	10,049,884			3-15 years
Automobiles		301,119			448,015			5 years
Real estate		4,977,813			4,977,813			5-50 years
Software		2,065,927			2,843,782			5 years

		16,005,022			18,319,494
Accumulated depreciation		(11,446,950	)		(13,628,790	)

	$	4,558,072		$	4,690,704

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fixed maturities
Held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value $500,314,344 and $405,038,296)	$ 476,093,782	$ 402,798,518
Available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost $556,839,278 and $535,112,451)	564,951,803	526,558,304
Equity securities, at fair value	55,477,556	43,667,009
Investment in Donegal Financial Services Corporation		41,025,975
Short-term investments, at cost, which approximates fair value	14,030,222	16,748,760
Total investments	1,110,553,363	1,030,798,566
Cash	49,318,930	52,594,461
Accrued investment income	7,066,029	6,561,199
Premiums receivable	165,732,949	156,702,250
Reinsurance receivable	367,021,468	343,369,065
Deferred policy acquisition costs	59,284,859	60,615,127
Deferred tax asset, net	8,514,311	13,069,755
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	142,475,767	135,379,777
Property and equipment, net	4,558,072	4,690,704
Accounts receivable - securities	4,961	261,829
Federal income taxes recoverable		19,032,604
Goodwill	5,625,354	5,625,354
Other intangible assets	958,010	958,010
Other	2,047,058	2,419,566
Total assets	1,923,161,131	1,832,078,267
Liabilities
Losses and loss expenses	869,673,849	814,665,224
Unearned premiums	510,147,485	506,528,606
Accrued expenses	28,453,744	25,442,146
Reinsurance balances payable	2,116,084	3,882,193
Borrowings under lines of credit	35,000,000	60,000,000
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	4,075,234	3,948,484
Subordinated debentures	5,000,000	5,000,000
Accounts payable - securities	1,119	1,003,810
Income taxes payable	84,831
Due to affiliate	10,069,171	10,874,540
Other	7,524,095	1,863,363
Total liabilities	1,472,145,612	1,433,208,366
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 2,000,000 shares; none issued
Additional paid-in capital	268,151,601	261,258,423
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	504,170	(14,228,059)
Retained earnings	223,267,573	192,751,208
Treasury stock, at cost	(41,226,357)	(41,226,357)
Total stockholders' equity	451,015,519	398,869,901
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,923,161,131	1,832,078,267
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock value	262,040	258,194
Total stockholders' equity	262,040	258,194
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock value	56,492	56,492
Total stockholders' equity	$ 56,492	$ 56,492

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Net premiums earned - affiliated reinsurance	$ 203,409,131	$ 198,580,547	$ 190,924,704
Net realized investment gains (losses)	21,984,617	(4,801,509)	5,705,255
Net losses and loss expenses - affiliated reinsurance	103,218,679	140,113,591	114,865,113
Income tax expense (benefit)	9,929,286	(15,476,509)	4,998,362
Income tax expense (benefit) on unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period	3,947,082	1,865,948	1,964,385
Income tax (benefit) expense on reclassification adjustment for losses (gains)	30,920	104,841	1,939,787
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]
Net realized investment gains (losses)	147,236	499,244	5,705,255
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 30,920	$ 104,841	$ 1,939,787

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Ceded to Pool (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	$ 314,859,014	$ 326,198,234	$ 310,179,267
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	142,475,767	135,379,777
Affiliated Entity [Member] \| Atlantic States Ceded [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	218,642,984	212,928,238	200,752,599
Losses and loss expenses	173,238,503	159,495,489	140,015,950
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	116,189,929	106,224,424	103,991,861
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 183,326,589	$ 158,081,925	$ 136,786,070

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Reconciliation of Net Incurred and Paid Claims Development Tables to Liability for Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	$ 470,940,000
Reinsurance recoverable	348,332,000
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses	50,402,000
Gross liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses	869,673,849	$ 814,665,224	$ 676,671,727	$ 606,664,590
Personal Automobile [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	122,094,000
Reinsurance recoverable	119,364,000
Homeowners [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	20,762,000
Reinsurance recoverable	10,216,000
Commercial Automobile [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	118,372,000
Reinsurance recoverable	70,973,000
Commercial MultiPeril [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	95,153,000
Reinsurance recoverable	58,765,000
Workers Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	102,035,000
Reinsurance recoverable	81,837,000
Other [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Net outstanding liabilities	12,524,000
Reinsurance recoverable	$ 7,177,000

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization and Business

Donegal Mutual Insurance Company (“Donegal Mutual”) organized us as an insurance holding company on

August 26, 1986

. Our insurance subsidiaries, Atlantic States Insurance Company (“Atlantic States”), Southern Insurance Company of Virginia (“Southern”), the Peninsula Insurance Group (“Peninsula”), which consists of Peninsula Indemnity Company and The Peninsula Insurance Company and Michigan Insurance Company (“MICO”), write personal and commercial lines of property and casualty coverages exclusively through a network of independent insurance agents in certain

Mid-Atlantic,

Midwestern, New England and Southern states.

Until March 8, 2019, we also owned 48.2% of the outstanding stock of Donegal Financial Services Corporation (“DFSC”), a grandfathered unitary savings and loan holding company that owned Union Community Bank (“UCB”), a state savings bank. Donegal Mutual owned the remaining 51.8% of the outstanding stock of DFSC.

We have three segments: our investment function, our

commercial lines of insurance and our personal lines of insurance. The commercial lines products of our insurance subsidiaries consist primarily of commercial automobile, commercial multi-peril and workers’ compensation policies. The personal lines products of our insurance subsidiaries consist primarily of homeowners and private passenger automobile policies.

At December 31, 2019, Donegal Mutual held approximately 43% of our outstanding Class A common stock and approximately 84% of our outstanding Class B common stock. This ownership provides Donegal Mutual with approximately 71% of the total voting power of our common stock. Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual have interrelated operations due to a pooling agreement and other intercompany agreements and transactions. While each company maintains its separate corporate existence, our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual conduct business together as the Donegal Insurance Group. As such, Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries share the same business philosophy, the same management, the same employees and the same facilities and offer the same types of insurance products.

Atlantic States, our largest subsidiary, participates in a pooling agreement with Donegal Mutual. Under the pooling agreement, the two companies pool their insurance business and each company receives an allocated percentage of the pooled business. Atlantic States has an 80% share of the results of the pooled business, and Donegal Mutual has a 20% share of the results of the pooled business.

In addition, Donegal Mutual has a 100% quota-share reinsurance agreement with Southern Mutual Insurance Company, or Southern Mutual. Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from Southern Mutual into the underwriting pool.

The same executive management and underwriting personnel administer products, classes of business underwritten, pricing practices and underwriting standards of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, as the Donegal Insurance Group, Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries share a combined business plan to achieve market penetration and underwriting profitability objectives. The products our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual market are generally complementary, thereby allowing the Donegal Insurance Group to offer a broader range of products to a given market and to expand the Donegal Insurance Group’s ability to service an entire personal lines or commercial lines account. Distinctions within the products of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries generally relate to specific risk profiles targeted within similar classes of business, such as preferred tier versus standard tier products, but we do not allocate all of the standard risk gradients to one company. Therefore, the underwriting profitability of the business the individual companies write directly will vary. However, as the risk characteristics of all business Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States write directly are homogenized within the underwriting pool, Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States share the underwriting results in proportion to their respective participation in the pool. Pooled business represents the predominant percentage of the net underwriting activity of both Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States. We refer to Note

Transactions with Affiliates for more information regarding the pooling agreement.

In July 2018, we consolidated the branch office operations of Peninsula into our home office operations to achieve economies of scale and enhance service levels for policyholders of Peninsula. We recorded a restructuring charge for employee termination costs associated with the Peninsula consolidation of approximately $1.9 million and paid approximately $1.5 million of these costs in 2018. We paid approximately $260,000 of these costs in 2019 and had an accrual of approximately $

130,000

remaining at December 31, 2019. We entered into a definitive purchase agreement for the sale of Peninsula’s branch office in 2018. The sale was completed in January 2019, and we received net proceeds of $1.2 million. We recorded an impairment charge of $1.1 million in other expenses in 2018 related to this real estate transaction and included the $1.2 million fair value of the real estate we held for sale in other assets at December 31, 2018.

We and Donegal Mutual sold DFSC to Northwest

Bancshares

, Inc. (“Northwest”) on March 8, 2019, resulting in proceeds valued at approximately $85.8 million in a combination of cash and Northwest common stock. Immediately prior to the closing of the merger, DFSC paid a dividend of approximately $29.2 million to us and Donegal Mutual. As the owner of 48.2% of DFSC’s common stock, we received a dividend payment from DFSC of approximately $14.1 million and consideration from Northwest that included a combination of cash in the amount of $20.5 million and Northwest common stock with a fair value at the closing date of $20.9 million. We recorded a gain of $12.7 million from the sale of DFSC in our results of operations for the first quarter of 2019. We sold the Northwest common stock that we received as part of the consideration during 2019. This transaction represented the culmination of a banking strategy that began with the formation of DFSC in 2000.

Effective December 1, 2019, our insurance subsidiaries Le Mars Insurance Company (“Le Mars”) and Sheboygan Falls Insurance Company (“Sheboygan Falls”) merged with and into Atlantic States (the “Mergers”). As a result of the Mergers, the separate corporate existences of Le Mars and Sheboygan Falls ceased and Atlantic States continued as the surviving insurance company. Atlantic States will place the business of Le Mars and Sheboygan Falls, as their policies renew subsequent to the effective date of the Mergers, into the underwriting pool.

Basis of Consolidation

Our consolidated financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), include our accounts and those of our wholly owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant inter-company accounts and transactions in consolidation. The terms “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” as we use them in the notes to our consolidated financial statements refer to the consolidated entity.

Use of Estimates

In preparing our consolidated financial statements, our management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period then ended. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

We make estimates and assumptions that could have a significant effect on amounts and disclosures we report in our consolidated financial statements. The most significant estimates relate to our insurance subsidiaries’ reserves for property and casualty insurance unpaid losses and loss expenses. While we believe our estimates and the estimates of our insurance subsidiaries are appropriate, the ultimate amounts may differ from the estimates provided. We regularly review our methods for making these estimates as well as the continuing appropriateness of the estimated amounts, and we reflect any adjustment we consider necessary in our current results of operations.

Reclassification

We have made certain reclassifications in our prior period financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.

Investments

We classify our debt securities into the following categories:

Held to Maturity - Debt securities that we have the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity; reported at amortized cost.

Available for Sale - Debt securities not classified as held to maturity; reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from income and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (net of tax effects).

Short-term investments are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

We make estimates concerning the valuation of our investments and the recognition of other-than-temporary declines in the value of our investments. For equity securities, we measure investments at fair value and, beginning January 1, 2018, we recognize changes in fair value in our results of operations. With respect to a debt security that is in an unrealized loss position, we first assess if we intend to sell the debt security. If we determine we intend to sell the debt security, we recognize the impairment loss in our results of operations. If we do not intend to sell the debt security, we determine whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery. If we determine it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery, we recognize an impairment loss in our results of operations. If we determine it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery, we then evaluate whether a credit loss has occurred. We determine whether a credit loss has occurred by comparing the amortized cost of the debt security to the present value of the cash flows we expect to collect. If we expect a cash flow shortfall, we consider that a credit loss has occurred. If we determine that a credit loss has occurred, we consider the impairment to be other than temporary. We then recognize the amount of the impairment loss related to the credit loss in our results of operations, and we recognize the remaining portion of the impairment loss in our other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. In addition, we may write down securities in an unrealized loss position based on a number of other factors, including when the fair value of an investment is significantly below its cost, when the financial condition of the issuer of a security has deteriorated, the occurrence of industry, company or geographic events that have negatively impacted the value of a security and rating agency downgrades.

We amortize premiums and discounts on debt securities over the life of the security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. We compute investment gains and losses using the specific identification method.

We amortize premiums and discounts for mortgage-backed debt securities using anticipated prepayments.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

We use the following methods and assumptions in estimating our fair value disclosures:

Investments - We present our investments in

available-for-sale

fixed maturity and equity securities at estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of a security may differ from the amount that we could realize if we sold the security in a forced transaction. In addition, the valuation of fixed maturity investments is more subjective when markets are less liquid, increasing the potential that the estimated fair value does not reflect the price at which an actual transaction would occur. We utilize nationally recognized independent pricing services to estimate fair values for our fixed maturity and equity investments. We generally obtain two prices per security. The pricing services utilize market quotations for fixed maturity and equity securities that have quoted prices in active markets. For fixed maturity securities that generally do not trade on a daily basis, the pricing services prepare estimates of fair value measurements based predominantly on observable market inputs. The pricing services do not use broker quotes in determining the fair values of our investments. Our investment personnel review the estimates of fair value the pricing services provide to determine if the estimates we obtain are representative of fair values based upon the general knowledge of our investment personnel of the market, their research findings related to unusual fluctuations in value and their comparison of such values to execution prices for similar securities. Our investment personnel monitor the market and are familiar with current trading ranges for similar securities and the pricing of specific investments. Our investment personnel review all pricing estimates that we receive from the pricing services against their expectations with respect to pricing based on fair market curves, security ratings, coupon rates, security type and recent trading activity. Our investment personnel review documentation with respect to the pricing services’ pricing methodology that they obtain periodically to determine if the primary pricing sources, market inputs and pricing frequency for various security types are reasonable. We refer to Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements for more information regarding our methods and assumptions in estimating fair values.

Cash and Short-Term Investments - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values.

Premiums and Reinsurance Receivables and Payables - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments related to premiums and paid losses and loss expenses approximate their fair values.

Subordinated Debentures - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values.

Revenue Recognition

Our insurance subsidiaries recognize insurance premiums as income over the terms of the policies they issue. Our insurance subsidiaries calculate unearned premiums on a daily

pro-rata

basis.

Policy Acquisition Costs

We defer our insurance subsidiaries’ policy acquisition costs, consisting primarily of commissions, premium taxes and certain other underwriting costs, reduced by ceding commissions, related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. We amortize these deferred policy acquisition costs over the period in which our insurance subsidiaries earn the premiums. The method we follow in computing deferred policy acquisition costs limits the amount of such deferred costs to their estimated realizable value, which gives effect to the premium to be earned, related investment income, losses and loss expenses and certain other costs we expect to incur as our insurance subsidiaries earn the premium. Estimates in the calculation of policy acquisition costs have not shown material variability because of uncertainties in applying accounting principles or as a result of sensitivities to changes in key assumptions.

Property and Equipment

We report property and equipment at depreciated cost that we compute using the straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives of the assets.

Losses and Loss Expenses

Liabilities for losses and loss expenses are estimates at a given point in time of the amounts an insurer expects to pay with respect to incurred policyholder claims based on facts and circumstances the insurer knows at that point in time. At the time of establishing its estimates, an insurer recognizes that its ultimate liability for losses and loss expenses will exceed or be less than such estimates. Our insurance subsidiaries base their estimates of liabilities for losses and loss expenses on assumptions as to future loss trends, expected claims severity, judicial theories of liability and other factors. However, during the loss adjustment period, our insurance subsidiaries may learn additional facts regarding individual claims, and, consequently, it often becomes necessary for our insurance subsidiaries to refine and adjust their estimates for these liabilities. We reflect any adjustments to the liabilities for losses and loss expenses of our insurance subsidiaries in our consolidated results of operations in the period in which our insurance subsidiaries make adjustments to their estimates.

Our insurance subsidiaries maintain liabilities for the payment of losses and loss expenses with respect to both reported and unreported claims. Our insurance subsidiaries establish these liabilities for the purpose of covering the ultimate costs of settling all losses, including investigation and litigation costs. Our insurance subsidiaries base the amount of their liability for reported losses primarily upon a

case-by-case

evaluation of the type of risk involved, knowledge of the circumstances surrounding each claim and the insurance policy provisions relating to the type of loss the policyholder incurred. Our insurance subsidiaries determine the amount of their liability for unreported claims and loss expenses on the basis of historical information by line of insurance. Our insurance subsidiaries account for inflation in the reserving function through analysis of costs and trends and reviews of historical reserving results. Our insurance subsidiaries monitor their liabilities closely and recompute them periodically using new information on reported claims and a variety of statistical techniques. Our insurance subsidiaries do not discount their liabilities for losses and loss expenses.

Reserve estimates can change over time because of unexpected changes in assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ external environment and, to a lesser extent, assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ internal operations. For example, our insurance subsidiaries have experienced an increase in claims severity and a lengthening of the claim settlement periods on bodily injury claims during the past several years. These trend changes give rise to greater uncertainty as to the pattern of future loss settlements on bodily injury claims. Related uncertainties regarding future trends include the rate of plaintiff attorney involvement in claims and the cost of medical technologies and procedures. Assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ external environment include the absence of significant changes in tort law and the legal environment that increase liability exposure, consistency in judicial interpretations of insurance coverage and policy provisions and the rate of loss cost inflation. Internal assumptions include consistency in the recording of premium and loss statistics, consistency in the recording of claims, payment and case reserving methodology, accurate measurement of the impact of rate changes and changes in policy provisions, consistency in the quality and characteristics of business written within a given line of business and consistency in reinsurance coverage and collectability of reinsured losses, among other items. To the extent our insurance subsidiaries determine that underlying factors impacting their assumptions have changed, our insurance subsidiaries make adjustments in their reserves that they consider appropriate for such changes. Accordingly, our insurance subsidiaries’ ultimate liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses will likely differ from the amount recorded.

Our insurance subsidiaries seek to enhance their underwriting results by carefully selecting the product lines they underwrite. Our insurance subsidiaries’ personal lines products primarily include standard and preferred risks in private passenger automobile and homeowners lines. Our insurance subsidiaries’ commercial lines products primarily include business offices, wholesalers, service providers, contractors, artisans and light manufacturing operations. Our insurance subsidiaries have limited exposure to asbestos and other environmental liabilities. Our insurance subsidiaries write no medical malpractice liability risks.

Income Taxes

We currently file a consolidated federal income tax return that includes us and our insurance subsidiaries.

We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. The objective of the asset and liability method is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates we expect to be in effect when we realize or settle such amounts.

Credit Risk

Our objective is to earn competitive returns by investing in a diversified portfolio of securities. Our portfolio of fixed maturity securities and, to a lesser extent, short-term investments is subject to credit risk. We define this risk as the potential loss in fair value resulting from adverse changes in the borrower’s ability to repay its debt to us. We manage this risk by performing an analysis of prospective investments and through regular reviews of our portfolio by our investment personnel. We also limit the amount of our total investment portfolio that we invest in any one security.

Our insurance subsidiaries provide property and liability insurance coverages through independent insurance agencies located throughout their operating areas. Our insurance subsidiaries bill the majority of this business directly to their policyholders, although our insurance subsidiaries bill a portion of their commercial business through their agents, to whom they extend credit in the normal course of business.

Our insurance subsidiaries have reinsurance agreements with Donegal Mutual and with a number of major unaffiliated reinsurers.

Reinsurance Accounting and Reporting

Our insurance subsidiaries rely upon reinsurance agreements to limit their maximum net loss from large single risks or risks in concentrated areas and to increase their capacity to write insurance. Reinsurance does not relieve our insurance subsidiaries from liability to their respective policyholders. To the extent that a reinsurer cannot pay losses for which it is liable under the terms of a reinsurance agreement with one or more of our insurance subsidiaries, our insurance subsidiaries retain continued liability for such losses. However, in an effort to reduce the risk of

non-payment,

our insurance subsidiaries require all of their reinsurers to have an A.M. Best rating of

A-

or better or, with respect to foreign reinsurers, to have a financial condition that, in the opinion of our management, is equivalent to a company with an A.M. Best rating of

A-

or better. We refer to Note 10 - Reinsurance for more information regarding the reinsurance agreements of our insurance subsidiaries.

Stock-Based Compensation

We measure all share-based payments to our directors and the directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, including grants of stock options, using a fair-value-based method and record such expense in our results of operations. In determining the expense we record for stock options we grant to our directors and the directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, we estimate the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The significant assumptions we utilize in applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model are the risk-free interest rate, expected term, dividend yield and expected volatility.

In 2019, 2018 and 2017, we realized $

64,765

, $

25,938

and $

873,515

, respectively, in tax benefits upon the exercise of stock options.

Earnings Per Share

We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.

We have two classes of common stock, which we refer to as Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Our Class A common stock is entitled to the declaration and payment of cash dividends that are at least

% higher than those we declare and pay on our Class B common stock. Accordingly, we use the

two-class

method for the computation of earnings per common share. The

two-class

method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share separately for each class of common stock based on dividends declared and an allocation of remaining undistributed earnings using a participation percentage that reflects the dividend rights of each class.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the underlying fair value of acquired entities. When completing acquisitions, we seek also to identify separately identifiable intangible assets that we have acquired. We assess goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life for impairment annually. We also assess goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment upon the occurrence of certain events. In making our assessment, we consider a number of factors including operating results, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and current market data. Inherent uncertainties exist with respect to these factors and to our judgment in applying them when we make our assessment. Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets could result from changes in economic and operating conditions in future periods.

Property and Equipment - Property and Equipment (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 16,005,022	$ 18,319,494
Accumulated depreciation	(11,446,950)	(13,628,790)
Property and equipment, Net	4,558,072	4,690,704
Office Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, Gross	8,660,163	10,049,884
Automobiles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 301,119	448,015
Lease office equipment and automobiles range	5 years
Real Estate [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 4,977,813	4,977,813
Software [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 2,065,927	$ 2,843,782
Lease office equipment and automobiles range	5 years
Maximum [Member] \| Office Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Lease office equipment and automobiles range	15 years
Maximum [Member] \| Real Estate [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Lease office equipment and automobiles range	50 years
Minimum [Member] \| Office Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Lease office equipment and automobiles range	3 years
Minimum [Member] \| Real Estate [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Lease office equipment and automobiles range	5 years

Reinsurance - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
Reinsurance - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Loss reinsurance, set retention amount for property losses	$ 1,000,000
Loss reinsurance, set retention amount for casualty losses	$ 2,000,000
Percentage of reinsurer coverage	40.00%
Third Party Reinsurance [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of accumulation of losses	100.00%
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 10,000,000
Catastrophe reinsurance, deductible amount	1,200,000
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	$ 190,000,000
Donegal Mutual [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of accumulation of losses	100.00%
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 2,000,000
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	8,000,000
Additional coverage amount	$ 5,000,000

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Detail) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 08, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019	Jul. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Operations commenced date				Aug. 26, 1986
Stock ownership percentage owned by third party				51.80%
Voting power percentage of outstanding common stock				71.00%
Tax benefit for tax deductions related to option exercises				$ 64,765	$ 25,938	$ 873,515
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend				10.00%
Premiums and losses related to certain products				63.50%	63.90%	64.30%
Atlantic States [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of share in results of pooled business subsidiary				80.00%	80.00%
Donegal Mutual [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of share in results of pooled business owned by third party				20.00%	20.00%
Premiums and losses related to certain products				100.00%
DFSC and North West [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Consideration from sale of business	$ 20,500,000
Consideration from sale of business fair value at closing date	20,900,000
DFSC and North West [Member] \| Donegal Mutual Insurance Company [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Consideration from sale of business	85,800,000
Proceeds from dividend	$ 29,200,000
Peninsula [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Restructuring charges			$ 1,900,000
Payments for restructuring cost			$ 1,500,000	$ 260,000
Impairment charge of real estate					$ 1,100,000
Fair value of real asset held for sale					$ 1,200,000
Net proceeds from sale of branch		$ 1,200,000
Restructuring charges, accrual				130,000
Donegal Financial Services Corporation [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Equity Investments				$ 12,700,000
Donegal Financial Services Corporation [Member] \| DFSC and North West [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Outstanding stock ownership percentage	48.20%
Dividend payment to be received	$ 14,100,000
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Stock ownership percentage held by major shareholder				43.00%
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Stock ownership percentage held by major shareholder				84.00%
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend				10.00%

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Text Block [Abstract]

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

8 - Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

The establishment of an appropriate liability for losses and loss expenses is an inherently uncertain process, and we can provide no assurance that our insurance subsidiaries’ ultimate liability will not exceed their loss and loss expense reserves and have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, we cannot predict the timing, frequency and extent of adjustments to our insurance subsidiaries’ estimated future liabilities, because the historical conditions and events that serve as a basis for our insurance subsidiaries’ estimates of ultimate claim costs may change. As is the case for substantially all property and casualty insurance companies, our insurance subsidiaries have found it necessary in the past to increase their estimated future liabilities for losses and loss expenses in certain periods, and, in other periods, their estimates have exceeded their actual liabilities. Changes in our insurance subsidiaries’ estimate of their liability for losses and loss expenses generally reflect actual payments and their evaluation of information received since the prior reporting date.

We summarize activity in our insurance subsidiaries’ liability for losses and loss expenses as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
Balance at January 1	$	814,665,224		$	676,671,727		$	606,664,590
Less reinsurance recoverable		(339,267,525	)		(293,271,257	)		(259,147,147	)

Net balance at January 1		475,397,699			383,400,470			347,517,443

Incurred related to:
Current year		519,319,941			540,826,810			480,646,641
Prior years		(12,932,277	)		35,631,610			6,621,413

Total incurred		506,387,664			576,458,420			487,268,054

Paid related to:
Current year		278,923,614			308,578,285			288,379,600
Prior years		195,956,327			175,882,906			163,005,427

Total paid		474,879,941			484,461,191			451,385,027

Net balance at December 31		506,905,422			475,397,699			383,400,470
Plus reinsurance recoverable		362,768,427			339,267,525			293,271,257

Balance at December 31	$	869,673,849		$	814,665,224		$	676,671,727

Our insurance subsidiaries recognized a (decrease) increase in their liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years of ($12.9 million), $35.6 million and $6.6 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Our insurance subsidiaries made no significant changes in their reserving philosophy or claims management personnel, and they have made no significant offsetting changes in estimates that increased or decreased their loss and loss expense reserves in those years. The 2019 development represented 2.7% of the December 31, 2018 net carried reserves and resulted primarily from lower-than-expected severity in the workers’ compensation line of business, partially offset by higher-than-expected severity in the commercial automobile and commercial multi-peril lines of business, for accident years prior to 2019. The majority of the 2019 development related to decreases in the liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years for Atlantic States and MICO. The 2018 development represented 9.3% of the December 31, 2017 net carried reserves and resulted primarily from higher-than-expected severity in the commercial multi-peril, personal automobile and commercial automobile lines of business, offset by lower-than-expected severity in the workers’ compensation line of business, for accident years prior to 2018. The majority of the 2018 development related to increases in the liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years for Atlantic States and Southern. During 2018, our insurance subsidiaries received new information on previously-reported commercial automobile and personal automobile claims that led our insurance subsidiaries to conclude that their prior actuarial assumptions did not fully anticipate recent changes in severity and reporting trends. Our insurance subsidiaries have encountered increasing difficulties in projecting the ultimate severity of automobile losses over recent accident years, which our insurance subsidiaries attribute to worsening litigation trends and an increased delay in the reporting to our insurance subsidiaries of information with respect to the severity of claims. As a result, our insurance subsidiaries’ actuaries increased their projections of the ultimate cost of our insurance subsidiaries’ prior-year personal automobile and commercial automobile losses, and our insurance subsidiaries added $17.7 million to their reserves for personal automobile and $20.8 million to their reserves for commercial automobile for accident years prior to 2018. The 2017 development represented 1.9% of the December 31, 2016 net carried reserves and resulted primarily from higher-than-expected severity in the commercial multi-peril, personal automobile and commercial automobile lines of business, offset by lower-than-expected severity in the workers’ compensation line of business, for accident years prior to 2017. The majority of the 2017 development related to increases in the liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years for Atlantic States and Peninsula.

Short-duration contracts are contracts for which our insurance subsidiaries receive premiums that they recognize as revenue over the period of the contract in proportion to the amount of insurance protection our insurance subsidiaries provide. Our insurance subsidiaries consider the policies they issue to be short-duration contracts. We consider our insurance subsidiaries’ material lines of business to be personal automobile, homeowners, commercial automobile, commercial multi-peril and workers’ compensation.

Our insurance subsidiaries determine incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) reserves by subtracting the cumulative loss and loss expense amounts our insurance subsidiaries have paid and the case reserves our insurance subsidiaries have established at the balance sheet date from their actuaries’ estimate of the ultimate cost of losses and loss expenses. Accordingly, our insurance subsidiaries’ IBNR reserves include their actuaries’ projections of the cost of unreported claims as well as their actuaries’ projected development of case reserves on known claims and reopened claims. Our insurance subsidiaries’ methodology for estimating IBNR reserves has been in place for many years, and their actuaries made no significant changes to that methodology during 201

The actuaries for our insurance subsidiaries generally prepare an initial estimate for ultimate losses and loss expenses for the current accident year by multiplying earned premium by an expected loss ratio for each line of business our insurance subsidiaries write. Expected loss ratios represent the actuaries’ expectation of losses at the time our insurance subsidiaries price and write their policies, before the emergence of any actual claims experience. The actuaries determine an expected loss ratio by analyzing historical experience and adjusting for loss cost trends, loss frequency and severity trends, premium rate level changes, reported and paid loss emergence patterns and other known or observed factors.

The actuaries use a variety of actuarial methods to estimate the ultimate cost of losses and loss expenses. These methods include paid loss development, incurred loss development and the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method. The actuaries base their selection of a point estimate on a judgmental weighting of estimates each of these methods produce.

The actuaries consider loss frequency and severity trends when they develop expected loss ratios and point estimates. Loss frequency is a measure of the number of claims per unit of insured exposure, and loss severity is a measure of the average size of claims. Factors that affect loss frequency include changes in weather patterns or economic activity. Factors that affect loss severity include changes in policy limits, reinsurance retentions, inflation rates and judicial interpretations.

Our insurance subsidiaries create a claim file when they receive notice of an actual demand for payment, an event that may lead to a demand for payment or when they otherwise determine that a demand for payment could potentially lead to a future demand for payment on another coverage under the same policy or another policy they have issued. In recent years, our insurance subsidiaries have noted an increase in the period of time between the occurrence of a casualty loss event and the date on which they receive notice of a liability claim. Changes in the length of time between the loss occurrence date and the claim reporting date affect the actuaries’ ability to accurately predict loss frequency and the amount of IBNR reserves our insurance subsidiaries require.

Our insurance subsidiaries generally create a claim file for a policy at the claimant level by type of coverage and generally recognize one count for each claim event. In certain lines of business where it is common for multiple parties to claim damages arising from a single claim event, our insurance subsidiaries recognize one count for each claimant involved in the event. Atlantic States recognizes one count for each claim event, or claimant involved in a multiple-party claim event, related to losses Atlantic States assumes through its participation in its pooling agreement with Donegal Mutual. Our insurance subsidiaries accumulate the claim counts and report them by line of business. For purposes of the claim development tables we present below, our insurance subsidiaries count claims on policies they issue even if they eventually close such claims without making a loss payment. Claims our insurance subsidiaries close without making a loss payment typically generate loss expenses. The methods our insurance subsidiaries have used to summarize claim counts have not changed significantly over the time periods we report in the tables below.

The following tables present information about incurred and paid claims development as of December

, 2019

, net of reinsurance, as well as cumulative claim frequency and the total of IBNR reserves plus expected development on reported claims that our insurance subsidiaries included within their net incurred claims amounts. The tables include unaudited information about incurred and paid claims development for the years ended December 31

, 2010

through 2018

, which we present as supplementary information.

Personal Automobile																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	117,967	$	117,552	$	118,562	$	118,876	$	118,916	$	118,587	$	118,385	$	118,289	$	118,314	$	118,294	$	27		70
2011				127,929		131,678		132,987		133,229		133,617		133,218		133,145		133,142		133,207		73		75
2012						130,415		133,201		135,592		136,493		136,552		136,463		136,141		136,677		215		69
2013								124,965		130,737		131,594		132,643		132,604		132,934		132,853		175		66
2014										124,426		124,806		124,210		126,200		126,779		126,734		264		71
2015												137,596		139,333		139,181		142,493		142,408		732		70
2016														150,216		153,937		157,516		157,943		2,372		73
2017																166,690		176,728		175,939		4,884		79
2018																		186,580		183,358		10,675		80
2019																				161,056		28,339		66

Total																			$	1,468,469

Personal Automobile

	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	75,889	$	96,749	$	107,662	$	113,243	$	116,748	$	117,812	$	117,978	$	118,054	$	118,093	$	118,119
2011				87,191		110,249		121,621		127,545		131,319		132,479		132,714		132,777		132,835
2012						87,517		111,941		124,652		130,862		133,428		134,581		135,132		136,137
2013								84,241		109,051		120,118		125,946		130,026		131,326		131,642
2014										85,377		104,736		114,893		120,491		123,815		124,926
2015												93,611		116,303		128,395		135,027		139,121
2016														102,433		129,507		143,321		151,159
2017																111,964		142,372		159,879
2018																		115,585		150,175
2019																				103,101

Total																				1,347,094
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				719

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	122,094


Homeowners																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims			Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	60,315	$	60,729	$	60,248	$	59,972	$	60,355	$	60,440	$	60,443	$	60,542	$	60,624	$	60,641	$	—			25
2011				71,256		70,461		70,436		70,381		70,297		70,351		70,479		70,642		70,682		—			27
2012						53,962		54,794		54,468		54,351		54,281		54,381		54,523		54,537		—			19
2013								50,887		51,121		51,122		50,874		50,988		50,971		51,008		—			13
2014										56,916		58,378		57,680		57,332		57,288		57,402		(4	)		18
2015												63,359		63,925		63,053		63,071		63,099		45			14
2016														62,443		64,064		63,735		63,355		78			13
2017																79,283		79,911		79,305		724			18
2018																		81,965		83,385		1,657			19
2019																				73,294		6,775			14

Total																			$	656,708


Homeowners
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	47,419	$	57,334	$	59,283	$	59,875	$	60,239	$	60,486	$	60,501	$	60,525	$	60,540	$	60,557
2011				57,588		69,345		70,125		70,351		70,541		70,626		70,648		70,692		70,692
2012						46,566		53,619		54,028		54,298		54,317		54,356		54,557		54,557
2013								40,949		49,410		50,210		50,478		51,043		50,902		50,967
2014										45,823		56,255		56,990		57,195		56,995		57,243
2015												51,885		61,542		62,204		62,590		62,844
2016														50,125		61,145		62,760		63,144
2017																67,077		77,663		78,006
2018																		70,385		79,892
2019																				58,074

Total																				635,976
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				30

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	20,762


Commercial Automobile																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	19,315	$	19,913	$	20,695	$	21,477	$	21,490	$	21,756	$	21,746	$	21,713	$	21,726	$	21,768	$	9		7
2011				26,642		27,157		28,570		28,893		29,112		29,107		29,487		29,751		29,542		18		9
2012						26,557		27,720		30,606		31,435		31,278		31,648		31,803		31,896		28		8
2013								32,902		33,749		34,751		35,240		36,404		36,435		36,569		89		9
2014										42,760		44,544		47,326		48,213		49,284		49,168		270		11
2015												46,526		48,323		51,412		54,259		54,517		662		12
2016														54,302		57,353		65,905		67,127		2,134		13
2017																61,484		67,927		67,697		5,149		14
2018																		79,307		81,396		11,763		15
2019																				88,864		27,764		15

Total																			$	528,544

Commercial Automobile
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	10,778	$	14,180	$	16,426	$	19,030	$	20,804	$	21,014	$	21,482	$	21,549	$	21,558	$	21,559
2011				13,876		19,106		24,267		26,973		28,014		28,758		28,836		29,102		29,474
2012						13,642		20,240		23,718		27,417		29,873		30,402		31,104		31,228
2013								16,306		23,557		26,879		31,053		34,083		36,004		36,106
2014										22,707		31,089		39,436		44,374		47,290		48,418
2015												23,875		35,342		41,678		48,261		51,605
2016														27,033		38,237		48,837		57,237
2017																28,707		40,213		49,703
2018																		33,862		47,941
2019																				36,948

Total																				410,219
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				47

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	118,372

Commercial Multi-Peril																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	28,745	$	29,656	$	29,390	$	29,169	$	29,373	$	29,453	$	29,463	$	29,779	$	29,925	$	30,105	$	—		6
2011				33,054		35,411		35,942		37,576		37,385		38,270		38,105		38,160		38,434		—		7
2012						29,789		30,716		32,449		34,117		35,755		36,214		36,525		36,876		—		6
2013								35,683		35,679		37,292		37,205		37,981		37,365		37,453		38		6
2014										48,204		50,135		51,843		52,336		53,294		53,116		147		7
2015												42,070		43,874		44,728		45,104		45,873		519		6
2016														43,005		46,988		48,267		48,871		2,015		6
2017																56,185		56,043		56,517		4,604		7
2018																		66,265		66,470		10,568		7
2019																				71,865		21,633		6

Total																			$	485,580

Commercial Multi-Peril
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	17,007	$	22,017	$	24,749	$	26,832	$	27,768	$	28,681	$	28,906	$	29,632	$	29,721	$	29,923
2011				18,773		24,767		30,286		33,526		36,722		37,759		38,240		38,366		38,413
2012						16,666		23,384		26,634		29,370		33,327		35,331		35,909		36,329
2013								19,875		26,216		29,159		33,614		35,104		36,321		37,333
2014										27,920		35,520		40,936		47,021		50,017		51,615
2015												21,837		29,419		34,323		39,162		42,849
2016														19,660		29,402		34,612		41,193
2017																27,399		36,926		42,691
2018																		30,597		42,296
2019																				28,210

Total																				390,852
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				425

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	95,153


Workers’ Compensation																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	27,304	$	27,859	$	27,010	$	26,637	$	26,944	$	27,121	$	27,037	$	26,984	$	26,801	$	26,829	$	37		5
2011				32,490		35,757		36,614		36,369		35,670		35,039		35,194		34,926		35,034		53		6
2012						39,142		39,516		38,827		37,926		37,163		36,468		35,954		35,932		75		6
2013								46,325		47,027		44,289		42,828		42,327		42,555		42,651		187		6
2014										51,508		51,553		49,288		48,537		47,540		47,693		264		6
2015												53,332		49,615		45,991		44,986		43,006		836		6
2016														58,814		49,802		47,883		44,969		1,630		6
2017																60,450		56,351		52,687		3,362		6
2018																		62,197		55,291		7,081		6
2019																				60,998		19,280		6

Total																			$	445,090

Workers’ Compensation
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	8,066	$	15,937	$	21,176	$	23,137	$	24,539	$	25,337	$	25,804	$	26,050	$	26,295	$	26,301
2011				9,157		21,450		27,517		31,905		32,394		33,067		33,577		33,963		34,109
2012						11,097		22,963		28,812		31,244		33,196		34,177		34,460		34,622
2013								13,052		26,043		32,783		36,351		38,877		39,617		40,361
2014										13,932		28,513		36,284		40,393		42,465		43,866
2015												13,071		27,531		34,192		36,929		37,936
2016														14,709		30,344		37,178		40,570
2017																15,581		31,990		39,684
2018																		17,644		31,928
2019																				16,939

Total																				346,316
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				3,261

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	102,035

The following table presents a reconciliation of the net incurred and paid claims development tables to the liability for claims and claims adjustment expenses in our consolidated balance sheet:


	At December 31,
(in thousands)	2019
Net outstanding liabilities:
Personal automobile	$	122,094
Homeowners		20,762
Commercial automobile		118,372
Commercial multi-peril		95,153
Workers ’ compensation		102,035
Other		12,524

		470,940

Reinsurance recoverable:
Personal automobile	$	119,364
Homeowners		10,216
Commercial automobile		70,973
Commercial multi-peril		58,765
Workers ’ compensation		81,837
Other		7,177

		348,332

Unallocated loss adjustment expenses	$	50,402

Gross liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	869,674

The following table presents supplementary information about average historical claims duration as of December 31, 2019:


	Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years	1			2			3			4			5			6			7			8			9			10
Personal automobile		64.6	%		17.3	%		8.8	%		4.6	%		2.7	%		0.9	%		0.2	%		0.3	%		—	%		—	%
Homeowners		81.5			15.3			1.5			0.6			0.3			0.2			0.1			—			—			—
Commercial automobile		44.0			18.1			13.3			11.3			6.6			2.5			1.2			0.5			0.7			—
Commercial multi-peril		47.8			17.0			10.2			10.0			6.6			3.5			1.6			1.3			0.2			0.7
Workers’ compensation		29.9			31.5			16.3			8.2			4.1			2.5			1.4			0.8			0.7			—

Income Taxes - Provision for Income Tax (Benefit) Expense (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations [Abstract]
Current federal income tax	$ 8,454,358	$ (11,296,704)	$ (2,139,061)
Deferred federal income tax	649,928	(4,179,805)	7,137,423
Federal income tax expense (benefit)	9,104,286	(15,476,509)	4,998,362
Pennsylvania income tax	825,000
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 9,929,286	$ (15,476,509)	$ 4,998,362

Stock Compensation Plans - Information Regarding Activity in Stock Option Plans (Detail) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Number of Options, Outstanding Beginning Balance	10,024,862	9,264,462	9,338,648
Number of Options, Granted	1,045,400	1,063,000	943,000
Number of Options, Exercised	(217,498)	(79,961)	(924,019)
Number of Options, Forfeited	(416,774)	(222,639)	(93,167)
Number of Options, Outstanding Ending Balance	10,435,990	10,024,862	9,264,462
Number of Options, Exercisable	8,449,389	7,936,659	6,946,677
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Outstanding Beginning Balance	$ 15.09	$ 15.26	$ 14.95
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Granted	14.97	13.69	17.58
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Exercised	13.23	13.74	14.45
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Forfeited	15.88	16.00	15.43
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Outstanding Ending Balance	15.09	15.09	15.26
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Exercisable	$ 15.13	$ 15.02	$ 14.90

Reinsurance - Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Written (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Premiums Written, Net [Abstract]
Direct	$ 589,572,526	$ 594,078,723	$ 584,007,351
Assumed	485,233,762	476,482,451	466,087,983
Ceded	(322,204,999)	(326,545,370)	(320,956,412)
Net premiums written	$ 752,601,289	$ 744,015,804	$ 729,138,922

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Assumed from Pool (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	$ 314,859,014	$ 326,198,234	$ 310,179,267
Liability for losses and loss expenses	470,940,000
Affiliated Entity [Member] \| Atlantic States Assumed [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	479,835,362	473,512,781	451,470,894
Losses and loss expenses	309,852,141	335,789,280	289,503,373
Unearned premiums	237,106,338	231,958,181	228,988,598
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 322,658,731	$ 303,546,744	$ 252,263,547

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Summary of Insurance Subsidiaries' Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]
Balance at January 1	$ 814,665,224	$ 676,671,727	$ 606,664,590
Less reinsurance recoverable	(339,267,525)	(293,271,257)	(259,147,147)
Net balance at January 1	475,397,699	383,400,470	347,517,443
Incurred related to:
Current year	519,319,941	540,826,810	480,646,641
Prior years	(12,932,277)	35,631,610	6,621,413
Total incurred	506,387,664	576,458,420	487,268,054
Paid related to:
Current year	278,923,614	308,578,285	288,379,600
Prior years	195,956,327	175,882,906	163,005,427
Total paid	474,879,941	484,461,191	451,385,027
Net balance at end of period	506,905,422	475,397,699	383,400,470
Plus reinsurance recoverable	362,768,427	339,267,525	293,271,257
Balance at end of period	$ 869,673,849	$ 814,665,224	$ 676,671,727

Earnings Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

17 - Earnings Per Share

We have two classes of common stock, which we refer to as Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Our Class A common stock is entitled to be paid cash dividends that are at least 10% higher than the cash dividends we pay on our Class B common stock. Accordingly, we use the

two-class

method for the computation of earnings per common share. The

two-class

We present below a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators we used in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class A common stock:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018			2017
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)	$	38,718	$	(26,691	)	$	5,879

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		22,986		22,705			21,799

Basic earnings (loss) per share	$	1.68	$	(1.18	)	$	0.27

Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)	$	38,718	$	(26,691	)	$	5,879

Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation		22,986		22,705			21,799
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add: Director and employee stock options		211		—			843

Number of shares used in per share computations		23,197		22,705			22,642

Diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1.67	$	(1.18	)	$	0.26

We used the following information in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class B common stock:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018			2017
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)	$	8,434	$	(6,069	)	$	1,237

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		5,577		5,577			5,577

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1.51	$	(1.09	)	$	0.22

During 2019, we did not include options to purchase 5,531,561 shares of our Class A common stock in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise price of the options was greater than the average market price of our Class A common stock.

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Summary of Reconciliation of Numerators and Denominators Used in Basic and Diluted Per Share Computations

We present below a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators we used in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class A common stock:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018			2017
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)	$	38,718	$	(26,691	)	$	5,879

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		22,986		22,705			21,799

Basic earnings (loss) per share	$	1.68	$	(1.18	)	$	0.27

Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)	$	38,718	$	(26,691	)	$	5,879

Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation		22,986		22,705			21,799
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add: Director and employee stock options		211		—			843

Number of shares used in per share computations		23,197		22,705			22,642

Diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1.67	$	(1.18	)	$	0.26

We used the following information in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class B common stock:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018			2017
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)	$	8,434	$	(6,069	)	$	1,237

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		5,577		5,577			5,577

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1.51	$	(1.09	)	$	0.22

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs - Changes in Insurance Subsidiaries' Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Insurance [Abstract]
Balance, January 1	$ 60,615,127	$ 60,289,860	$ 56,309,196
Acquisition costs deferred	121,112,732	121,289,267	119,045,664
Amortization charged to earnings	(122,443,000)	(120,964,000)	(115,065,000)
Balance, December 31	$ 59,284,859	$ 60,615,127	$ 60,289,860

- Definition

Amount of amortization expense (reversal of expense) for deferred policy acquisition costs.

+ References + Details

Supplementary Cash Flow Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Supplementary Cash Flow Information

16 - Supplementary Cash Flow Information

The following table reflects net income taxes we (recovered) paid and interest we paid during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Income taxes	$	(9,827,433	)	$	(3,290,247	)	$	3,050,000
Interest		321,585			1,280,352			1,341,706

Impact of New Accounting Standards - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Gain on equity securities		$ 8,900,000	$ 1,200,000
Loss on equity securities		$ 25,751	$ 4,400,000
Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] \| Accumulated Net Unrealized Investment Losses [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings	$ 4,900,000

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Insurance Subsidiaries Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to these Reinsurance Agreements (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	$ 314,859,014	$ 326,198,234	$ 310,179,267
Insurance Subsidiaries [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	275,126,732	274,932,234	260,545,919
Catastrophe Reinsurance [Member] \| Insurance Subsidiaries [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	14,404,636	19,190,067	17,215,273
Losses and loss expenses	13,769,736	12,899,927	8,953,411
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 3,149,907	$ 4,847,176	$ 3,399,207

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements - Reconciliations of Statutory Net (loss) Income and Capital and Surplus (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure Text Block [Abstract]
Statutory net income (loss) of insurance subsidiaries									$ 44,680,696	$ (33,246,417)	$ 1,677,549
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs									(1,330,268)	325,267	3,980,664
Deferred federal income taxes									639,284	4,179,807	1,334,410
Salvage and subrogation recoverable									207,000	2,061,600	1,199,200
Consolidating eliminations and adjustments									(11,048,314)	(16,013,971)	(13,534,428)
Parent-only net income									14,003,346	9,933,374	12,458,705
Net income (loss)	$ 14,153,747	$ 5,186,379	$ 4,788,454	$ 23,023,164	$ (14,998,763)	$ 1,206,356	$ (789,855)	$ (18,178,078)	47,151,744	(32,760,340)	7,116,100
Statutory Capital And Surplus Of Insurance Subsidiaries [Abstract]
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries	418,449,596				364,518,536				418,449,596	364,518,536	407,125,532
Deferred policy acquisition costs	59,284,859				60,615,127				59,284,859	60,615,127	60,289,860	$ 56,309,196
Deferred federal income taxes	(15,477,843)				(20,094,374)				(15,477,843)	(20,094,374)	(14,422,511)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable	20,245,200				20,038,200				20,245,200	20,038,200	17,976,600
Non-admitted assets and other adjustments, net	1,727,754				1,904,083				1,727,754	1,904,083	1,960,089
Fixed maturities	(326,795)				(16,528,367)				(326,795)	(16,528,367)	(8,748,140)
Parent-only equity and other adjustments	(32,887,252)				(11,583,304)				(32,887,252)	(11,583,304)	(15,485,326)
Total stockholders' equity	$ 451,015,519				$ 398,869,901				$ 451,015,519	$ 398,869,901	$ 448,696,104	$ 438,615,320

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Affiliated Reinsurance Transactions on Net Premiums Our Insurance Subsidiaries Earned (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Assumed	$ 479,835,610	$ 473,512,866	$ 451,515,575
Ceded	(314,859,014)	(326,198,234)	(310,179,267)
Insurance Subsidiaries [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Assumed	479,835,362	473,512,781	451,470,623
Ceded	(275,126,732)	(274,932,234)	(260,545,919)
Net	$ 204,708,630	$ 198,580,547	$ 190,924,704

Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Financial Data by Segment

Financial data by segment is as follows:


	2019		2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums earned:
Commercial lines	$	385,465	$	337,924		$	318,391
Personal lines		370,613		403,367			384,124

GAAP premiums earned		756,078		741,291			702,515
Net investment income		29,515		26,908			23,527
Investment gains (losses)		21,985		(4,802	)		5,705
Equity in earnings of DFSC		295		2,694			1,622
Other		4,578		5,737			5,658

Total revenues	$	812,451	$	771,828		$	739,027


	2019			2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Underwriting income (loss):
Commercial lines	$	8,404		$	(22,059	)	$	13,263
Personal lines		(1,617	)		(53,590	)		(39,042	)

SAP underwriting income (loss)		6,787			(75,649	)		(25,779	)
GAAP adjustments		(3,079	)		894			4,408

GAAP underwriting inco m e (loss)		3,708			(74,755	)		(21,371	)
Net investment income		29,515			26,908			23,527
Investment gains (losses)		21,985			(4,802	)		5,705
Equity in earnings of DFSC		295			2,694			1,622
Other		1,578			1,718			2,631

Income (loss) before income taxes	$	57,081		$	(48,237	)	$	12,114

Investments - Summary of Net Investment Income, Consisting Primarily of Interest and Dividends (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Investment income	$ 32,510,185	$ 29,822,647	$ 27,584,155
Investment expenses	(2,995,230)	(2,914,991)	(4,056,851)
Net investment income	29,514,955	26,907,656	23,527,304
Short-term investments [Member]
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Investment income	1,243,104	795,522	407,580
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Investment income	29,969,774	27,733,555	26,143,924
Equity Securities [Member]
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Investment income	1,268,056	1,264,120	999,335
Other [Member]
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Investment income	$ 29,251	$ 29,450	$ 33,316

Segment Information - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
Segment Information - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2019 Segment
Income Statement [Abstract]
Number of Reportable Segments	3

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

11 - Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“ the TCJA”) was signed into law. The TCJA contains significant changes to corporate taxation, including the reduction of the corporate income tax rate to 21%, the acceleration of expensing for certain business assets, the

one-time

transition tax related to the transition of U.S. international tax from a worldwide tax system to a territorial tax system, the repeal of the domestic production deduction, additional limitations on the deductibility of interest expense, the repeal of the corporate alternative minimum tax and expanded limitations on the deductibility of executive compensation.

The key impacts of the TCJA on our financial statements for 2017 were the revaluation of our deferred tax balances to the new corporate tax rate that resulted in additional tax expense of $4.8 million and the reclassification of an alternative minimum tax credit carryforward of $8.5 million from net deferred tax assets to federal income taxes recoverable. We

generated sufficient taxable income in 2019 to fully utilize this alternative minimum tax credit carryforward.

Our provision for income tax expense (benefit) for 2019, 2018 and 2017 consisted of the following:


	2019		2018			2017
Current federal income tax	$	8,454,358	$	(11,296,704	)	$	(2,139,061	)
Deferred federal income tax		649,928		(4,179,805	)		7,137,423

Federal income tax expense (benefit)	$	9,104,286	$	(15,476,509	)	$	4,998,362
Pennsylvania income tax		825,000		—			—
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	9,929,286	$	(15,476,509	)	$	4,998,362

Our effective tax rate is different from the amount computed at the statutory federal rate of 21% for 2019 and 2018 and 35% for 2017. The reasons for such difference and the related tax effects are as follows:


	2019			201 8			201 7
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	57,081,030		$	(48,236,849	)	$	12,114,462

Computed “expected” taxes		11,987,016			(10,129,738	)		4,240,062
Tax-exempt interest		(1,325,197	)		(1,521,090	)		(3,241,530	)
Proration		357,044			405,204			518,948
Effect of tax reform		—			—			4,752,547
Dividends received deduction		(1,913,238	)		(99,726	)		(508,409	)
Net operating loss carryback		—			(4,210,523	)		—
Tax benefit on exercise of options		(64,765	)		(25,938	)		(873,515	)
Other, net		236,676			105,302			110,259
Pennsylvania income tax, net of federal benefit		651,750			—			—
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	9,929,286		$	(15,476,509	)	$	4,998,362

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:


	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned premium	$	15,482,366		$	15,634,433
Loss reserves		7,820,683			7,644,415
Net operating loss carryforward		200,942			3,090,010
Net state operating loss carryforward—DGI Parent		7,519,991			8,070,196
Net unrealized losses		—			3,782,145
Other		2,603,155			2,517,791

Total gross deferred tax assets		33,627,137			40,738,990
Less valuation allowance		(7,538,024	)		(8,334,663	)

Net deferred tax assets		26,089,113			32,404,327

Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs		12,449,820			12,729,176
Loss reserve transition adjustment		1,733,056			2,339,068
Other		3,391,926			4,266,328

Total gross deferred tax liabilities		17,574,802			19,334,572

Net deferred tax asset	$	8,514,311		$	13,069,755

We recorded a net operating loss carryforward for the portion of our taxable loss for 2018 that exceeded our taxable income in 2016 and 2017. We utilized the full net operating loss carryforward in 2019. We also recorded a loss reserve transition adjustment in 2018 related to changes the TCJA required with respect to the calculation of loss reserve discounting. Pursuant to the provisions of the TCJA, we will include the loss reserve transition adjustment in our taxable income over eight years beginning in 2018.

We provide a valuation allowance when we believe it is more likely than not that we will not realize some portion of a deferred tax asset. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, we established a valuation allowance of $18,033

and $264,467, respectively, related

to a portion of the net operating loss carryforward of Le Mars that we acquired on January 1, 2004 and a valuation allowance of $7.5 million and $8.1 million, respectively, for the net state operating loss carryforward of DGI. We determined that we were not required to establish a valuation allowance for the other net deferred tax assets of $26.1 million and $32.4 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, since it is more likely than not that we will realize these deferred tax assets through reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable income and our implementation of

tax-planning

strategies.

Tax years 2016 through 2019 remained open for examination by tax authorities at December 31, 201

. The net operating loss carryforward of $956,865 of Le Mars will begin to expire in 2020 if not utilized and is subject to an annual limitation of approximately $376,000.

Reinsurance - Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Earned (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]
Direct									$ 591,101,804	$ 593,976,241	$ 561,178,447
Assumed									479,835,610	473,512,866	451,515,575
Ceded									(314,859,014)	(326,198,234)	(310,179,267)
Net premiums earned	$ 189,420,787	$ 189,821,058	$ 188,763,313	$ 188,073,242	$ 186,150,478	$ 187,661,705	$ 185,714,110	$ 181,764,580	$ 756,078,400	$ 741,290,873	$ 702,514,755
Percentage of assumed premiums earned to net premiums earned									63.50%	63.90%	64.30%

Interim Financial Data (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Interim Financial Data


	2019
	First Quarter		Secon d Q uarter		Thir d Q uarter		Fourt h Q uarter
Net premiums earned	$	188,073,242	$	188,763,313	$	189,821,058	$	189,420,787
Total revenues		214,713,874		198,788,954		198,009,900		200,938,743
Net losses and loss expenses		123,110,656		131,507,280		130,743,395		121,026,333
Net income		23,023,164		4,788,454		5,186,379		14,153,747
Net earnings per common share:
Class A common stock - basic		0.82		0.17		0.19		0.50
Class A common stock - diluted		0.82		0.17		0.18		0.50
Class B common stock - basic and diluted		0.75		0.15		0.16		0.45


	2018
	Firs t Q uarter			Secon d Q uarter			Thir d Q uarter		Fourt h Q uarter
Net premiums earned	$	181,764,580		$	185,714,110		$	187,661,705	$	186,150,478
Total revenues		189,328,278			195,790,028			199,904,180		186,805,834
Net losses and loss expenses		156,583,268			135,753,645			140,726,106		143,395,401
Net (lo ss) income		(18,178,078	)		(789,855	)		1,206,356		(14,998,763	)
Net (loss) earnings per common share:
Class A common stock - basic		(0.66	)		(0.03	)		0.04		(0.53	)
Class A common stock - diluted		(0.66	)		(0.03	)		0.04		(0.53	)
Class B common stock - basic and diluted		(0.60	)		(0.03	)		0.04		(0.50	)

Income Taxes - Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned premium	$ 15,482,366	$ 15,634,433
Loss reserves	7,820,683	7,644,415
Net operating loss carryforward	200,942	3,090,010
Net unrealized losses		3,782,145
Other	2,603,155	2,517,791
Total gross deferred tax assets	33,627,137	40,738,990
Less valuation allowance	(7,538,024)	(8,334,663)
Net deferred tax assets	26,089,113	32,404,327
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs	12,449,820	12,729,176
Loss reserve transition adjustment	1,733,056	2,339,068
Other	3,391,926	4,266,328
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	17,574,802	19,334,572
Net deferred tax asset	8,514,311	13,069,755
Parent Company [Member]
Deferred tax assets:
Net state operating loss carryforward	$ 7,519,991	$ 8,070,196

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Amounts available for distribution as dividends	$ 39.9
Atlantic States [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Amounts available for distribution as dividends	25.9
Southern [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Amounts available for distribution as dividends	5.4
Peninsula [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Amounts available for distribution as dividends	2.0
MICO [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Amounts available for distribution as dividends	$ 6.6

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Insurance [Abstract]

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

6 - Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

Changes in our insurance subsidiaries’ deferred policy acquisition costs are as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
Balance, January 1	$	60,615,127		$	60,289,860		$	56,309,196
Acquisition costs deferred		121,112,732			121,289,267			119,045,664
Amortization charged to earnings		(122,443,000	)		(120,964,000	)		(115,065,000	)

Balance, December 31	$	59,284,859		$	60,615,127		$	60,289,860

Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jul. 18, 2013
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend	10.00%
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Treasury stock	3,002,588
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend	10.00%
Treasury stock		72,465
Stock Repurchase Program Two [Member] \| Class A Common Stock [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Authority to purchase shares			500,000
Common stock shares purchased	0	57,658

Reinsurance - Total Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with both Affiliated and Unaffiliated Reinsurers (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	$ 314,859,014	$ 326,198,234	$ 310,179,267
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	142,475,767	135,379,777
Affiliated Entity and Unaffiliated Entity [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	314,859,014	326,198,234	310,179,267
Losses and loss expenses	240,241,845	246,223,074	218,523,260
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	142,475,767	135,379,777	135,032,641
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 362,768,427	$ 339,267,525	$ 293,271,257

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions

14 - Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions

The following table presents selected information, as filed with state insurance regulatory authorities, for our insurance subsidiaries as determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by such insurance regulatory authorities:


	2019			2018			2017
Atlantic States:
Statutory capital and surplus	$	259,030,868		$	230,736,313		$	260,428,754
Statutory unassigned surplus		155,909,822			140,713,118			172,709,955
Statutory net income (loss)		22,282,231			(23,458,516	)		(2,037,672	)
Southern:
Statutory capital and surplus		54,405,568			45,355,785			54,503,581
Statutory unassigned (deficit) surplus		(2,375,794	)		(6,346,270	)		2,914,532
Statutory net income (loss)		5,061,477			(9,822,457	)		(3,375,434	)
Peninsula:
Statutory capital and surplus		39,244,570			32,717,996			39,396,818
Statutory unassigned surplus		20,936,805			14,415,949			21,148,253
Statutory net income (loss)		7,360,378			(6,316,130	)		(841,119	)
MICO:
Statutory capital and surplus		65,768,590			55,708,442			52,796,379
Statutory unassigned surplus		38,910,008			28,949,919			26,162,540
Statutory net income		9,976,610			6,350,686			7,931,774

Our principal source of cash for payment of dividends is dividends from our insurance subsidiaries. State insurance laws require our insurance subsidiaries to maintain certain minimum capital and surplus amounts on a statutory basis. Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulations that restrict the payment of dividends from statutory surplus and may require prior approval of their domiciliary insurance regulatory authorities. Our insurance subsidiaries are also subject to risk-based capital (“RBC”) requirements that may further impact their ability to pay dividends. Our insurance subsidiaries’ statutory capital and surplus at December 31, 2019 exceeded the amount of statutory capital and surplus necessary to satisfy regulatory

requirements, including the RBC requirements, by a significant margin. Amounts available for distribution to us as dividends from our insurance subsidiaries without prior approval of insurance regulatory authorities in 2020 are $25.9 million from Atlantic States, $5.4 million from Southern, $2.0 million from Peninsula and $6.6 million from MICO, or a total of approximately $39.9 million.

Stock Compensation Plans - Summary of Information about Stock Options Outstanding (Detail) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Options Outstanding	10,435,990
Number of Options, Exercisable	8,449,389	7,936,659	6,946,677
July 27, 2011 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 12.50
Number of Options Outstanding	907,101
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	2 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	907,101
December 20, 2012 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 14.50
Number of Options Outstanding	1,009,819
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	3 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	1,009,819
December 19, 2013 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 15.90
Number of Options Outstanding	1,991,804
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	4 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	1,991,804
December 18, 2014 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 15.80
Number of Options Outstanding	1,270,581
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	5 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	1,270,581
December 17, 2015 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 13.64
Number of Options Outstanding	1,191,845
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	1 year
Number of Options, Exercisable	1,191,845
December 15, 2016 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 16.48
Number of Options Outstanding	1,202,808
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	2 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	1,202,808
December 21, 2017 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 17.60
Number of Options Outstanding	799,832
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	3 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	533,168
December 20, 2018 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 13.69
Number of Options Outstanding	1,016,800
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	4 years
Number of Options, Exercisable	338,930
March 4, 2019 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 13.51
Number of Options Outstanding	10,000
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	4 years 2 months 12 days
Number of Options, Exercisable	3,333
December 19, 2019 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise Price	$ 14.98
Number of Options Outstanding	1,035,400
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life		5 years

Property and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

7 - Property and Equipment

Property and equipment at December 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of the following:


	2019			2018			Estimated Useful Life
Office equipment	$	8,660,163		$	10,049,884			3-15 years
Automobiles		301,119			448,015			5 years
Real estate		4,977,813			4,977,813			5-50 years
Software		2,065,927			2,843,782			5 years

		16,005,022			18,319,494
Accumulated depreciation		(11,446,950	)		(13,628,790	)

	$	4,558,072		$	4,690,704

Depreciation expense for 2019, 2018 and 2017 amounted to $282,235, $479,550 and $478,800, respectively.

Borrowings - Amount of FHLB of Indianapolis/Pittsburgh Stock Purchased, Collateral Pledged and Assets Related to MICO's/Atlantic States Agreement (Detail) - Atlantic States [Member] - FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member]	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Amount of FHLB of Indianapolis/Pittsburgh stock purchased, collateral pledged and assets related to MICO's/Atlantic States Agreement
FHLB stock purchased and owned	$ 1,639,200
Collateral pledged, at par	36,370,886
Borrowing capacity currently available	$ 240,569

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to these Quota-Share Reinsurance Agreements (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	$ 314,859,014	$ 326,198,234	$ 310,179,267
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	142,475,767	135,379,777
Donegal Mutual [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums earned	42,079,112	42,813,929	42,578,047
Losses and loss expenses	19,617,787	23,175,456	24,978,631
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	19,217,849	19,047,084	19,827,115
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 36,597,834	$ 38,434,078	$ 36,396,109

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Provision for Income Tax

Our provision for income tax expense (benefit) for 2019, 2018 and 2017 consisted of the following:


	2019		2018			2017
Current federal income tax	$	8,454,358	$	(11,296,704	)	$	(2,139,061	)
Deferred federal income tax		649,928		(4,179,805	)		7,137,423

Federal income tax expense (benefit)	$	9,104,286	$	(15,476,509	)	$	4,998,362
Pennsylvania income tax		825,000		—			—
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	9,929,286	$	(15,476,509	)	$	4,998,362

Reconciliation of Federal Income Tax Rate

The reasons for such difference and the related tax effects are as follows:


	2019			201 8			201 7
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	57,081,030		$	(48,236,849	)	$	12,114,462

Computed “expected” taxes		11,987,016			(10,129,738	)		4,240,062
Tax-exempt interest		(1,325,197	)		(1,521,090	)		(3,241,530	)
Proration		357,044			405,204			518,948
Effect of tax reform		—			—			4,752,547
Dividends received deduction		(1,913,238	)		(99,726	)		(508,409	)
Net operating loss carryback		—			(4,210,523	)		—
Tax benefit on exercise of options		(64,765	)		(25,938	)		(873,515	)
Other, net		236,676			105,302			110,259
Pennsylvania income tax, net of federal benefit		651,750			—			—
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	9,929,286		$	(15,476,509	)	$	4,998,362

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:


	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned premium	$	15,482,366		$	15,634,433
Loss reserves		7,820,683			7,644,415
Net operating loss carryforward		200,942			3,090,010
Net state operating loss carryforward—DGI Parent		7,519,991			8,070,196
Net unrealized losses		—			3,782,145
Other		2,603,155			2,517,791

Total gross deferred tax assets		33,627,137			40,738,990
Less valuation allowance		(7,538,024	)		(8,334,663	)

Net deferred tax assets		26,089,113			32,404,327

Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs		12,449,820			12,729,176
Loss reserve transition adjustment		1,733,056			2,339,068
Other		3,391,926			4,266,328

Total gross deferred tax liabilities		17,574,802			19,334,572

Net deferred tax asset	$	8,514,311		$	13,069,755

Segment Information - Summary of Financial Data by Segment (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Premiums earned:
Premiums earned	$ 189,420,787	$ 189,821,058	$ 188,763,313	$ 188,073,242	$ 186,150,478	$ 187,661,705	$ 185,714,110	$ 181,764,580	$ 756,078,400	$ 741,290,873	$ 702,514,755
Net investment income									29,514,955	26,907,656	23,527,304
Investment gains (losses)									21,984,617	(4,801,509)	5,705,255
Equity in earnings of DFSC									295,000	2,693,962	1,621,605
Other									4,578,000	5,737,000	5,658,000
Total revenues	$ 200,938,743	$ 198,009,900	$ 198,788,954	$ 214,713,874	$ 186,805,834	$ 199,904,180	$ 195,790,028	$ 189,328,278	812,451,471	771,828,320	739,026,537
Underwriting income (loss):
SAP underwriting income (loss)									6,787,000	(75,649,000)	(25,779,000)
GAAP adjustments									(3,079,000)	894,000	4,408,000
GAAP underwriting income (loss)									3,708,000	(74,755,000)	(21,371,000)
Net investment income									29,514,955	26,907,656	23,527,304
Investment gains (losses)									21,984,617	(4,801,509)	5,705,255
Equity in earnings of DFSC									295,000	2,693,962	1,621,605
Other									1,578,000	1,718,000	2,631,000
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)									57,081,030	(48,236,849)	12,114,462
Commercial Lines [Member]
Premiums earned:
Premiums earned									385,465,000	337,924,000	318,391,000
Underwriting income (loss):
SAP underwriting income (loss)									8,404,000	(22,059,000)	13,263,000
Personal Lines [Member]
Premiums earned:
Premiums earned									370,613,000	403,367,000	384,124,000
Underwriting income (loss):
SAP underwriting income (loss)									$ (1,617,000)	$ (53,590,000)	$ (39,042,000)

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Insurance [Abstract]

Changes in Insurance Subsidiaries' Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

Changes in our insurance subsidiaries’ deferred policy acquisition costs are as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
Balance, January 1	$	60,615,127		$	60,289,860		$	56,309,196
Acquisition costs deferred		121,112,732			121,289,267			119,045,664
Amortization charged to earnings		(122,443,000	)		(120,964,000	)		(115,065,000	)

Balance, December 31	$	59,284,859		$	60,615,127		$	60,289,860

Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Guarantees [Abstract]
Insurance subsidiaries' liabilities for guaranty fund and other insurance	$ 1,600,000	$ 1,900,000
Surcharges collected by insurance subsidiaries	$ 519,462	$ 583,361

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Effective tax rate computed at the statutory federal rate	21.00%	21.00%	35.00%
Additional tax expense related to new corporate tax rate reform			$ 4,752,547
Reclassification of an alternative minimum tax credit carry forward			$ 8,500,000
Net operating loss carryback period	2 years
Operating loss carryforwards expiration period	2038
Other deferred tax assets, net	$ 26,100,000	$ 32,400,000
Parent Company [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Valuation allowance related to the portion of operating loss carryforwards	7,500,000	$ 8,100,000
Earliest Tax Year [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax years open for examination		2016
Latest Tax Year [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax years open for examination		2019
Le Mars [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Valuation allowance related to the portion of operating loss carryforwards	18,033	$ 18,033
Operating loss carryforwards	$ 956,865
Operating loss carryforwards expiration period	2020
Operating loss carryforwards annual limitations in amount on use	$ 376,000

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company - Summary of Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	$ 47,151,744	$ (32,760,340)	$ 7,116,100
Adjustments:
Realized investment gains	(21,984,617)	4,801,509	(5,705,255)
Other	6,033,243	299,262	(113,482)
Net adjustments	29,208,033	96,536,474	73,884,098
Net cash provided by operating activities	76,359,777	63,776,134	81,000,198
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Net (purchases) sale of short-term investments	2,718,538	(5,698,845)	(1,678,908)
Sale of equity securities	20,287,000
Net cash used in investing activities	(43,377,179)	(37,606,007)	(58,443,382)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Cash dividends paid	(16,092,643)	(15,658,950)	(14,822,052)
Issuance of common stock	4,834,514	3,249,849	15,511,457
Payments on lines of credit	(25,000,000)		(10,000,000)
Borrowings under lines of credit		1,000,000
Net cash used in financing activities	(36,258,129)	(11,409,101)	(9,310,595)
Cash at beginning of year	52,594,461	37,833,435	24,587,214
Cash at end of year	49,318,930	52,594,461	37,833,435
Donegal Financial Services Corporation [Member]
Adjustments:
Dividends received from DFSC			1,037,000
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Sale of equity securities	33,923,000
Parent Company [Member]
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	47,152,000	(32,760,000)	7,116,000
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries	(33,148,000)	42,694,000	5,343,000
Realized investment gains	(12,378,000)
Other	490,000	2,531,000	1,011,000
Net adjustments	(45,036,000)	45,225,000	7,391,000
Net cash provided by operating activities	2,116,000	12,465,000	14,507,000
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Net (purchases) sale of short-term investments	(2,473,000)		1,000
Net purchase of property and equipment	(150,000)	(106,000)	(788,000)
Investment in subsidiaries	(18,283,000)	(2,644,000)	(2,992,000)
Other	0	(1,000)	(1,000)
Net cash used in investing activities	33,304,000	(2,751,000)	(3,780,000)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Cash dividends paid	(16,093,000)	(15,659,000)	(14,821,000)
Issuance of common stock	6,481,000	3,250,000	15,511,000
Payments on lines of credit			(10,000,000)
Borrowings under lines of credit		1,000,000
Net cash used in financing activities	(34,612,000)	(11,409,000)	(9,310,000)
Net increase (decrease) in cash	808,000	(1,695,000)	1,417,000
Cash at beginning of year	1,542,000	3,237,000	1,820,000
Cash at end of year	$ 2,350,000	$ 1,542,000	$ 3,237,000

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company - Summary of Condensed Balance Sheets (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Assets [Abstract]
Short-term investments	$ 14,030,222	$ 16,748,760
Cash	49,318,930	52,594,461	$ 37,833,435	$ 24,587,214
Property and equipment	4,558,072	4,690,704
Total assets	1,923,161,131	1,832,078,267
Liabilities [Abstract]
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	4,075,234	3,948,484
Borrowings under lines of credit	35,000,000	60,000,000
Other	7,524,095	1,863,363
Total liabilities	1,472,145,612	1,433,208,366
Stockholders' equity	451,015,519	398,869,901	448,696,104	438,615,320
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,923,161,131	1,832,078,267
Parent Company [Member]
Assets [Abstract]
Investment in subsidiaries/affiliates (equity method)	489,657,000	465,030,000
Short-term investments	2,502,000	29,000
Cash	2,350,000	1,542,000	$ 3,237,000	$ 1,820,000
Property and equipment	944,000	928,000
Total assets	495,453,000	467,529,000
Liabilities [Abstract]
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	4,075,000	3,948,000
Borrowings under lines of credit	35,000,000	60,000,000
Other	5,362,000	4,711,000
Total liabilities	44,437,000	68,659,000
Stockholders' equity	451,016,000	398,870,000
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 495,453,000	$ 467,529,000

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule Of Net Income Capital And Surplus And Dividend Restrictions


	2019			2018			2017
Atlantic States:
Statutory capital and surplus	$	259,030,868		$	230,736,313		$	260,428,754
Statutory unassigned surplus		155,909,822			140,713,118			172,709,955
Statutory net income (loss)		22,282,231			(23,458,516	)		(2,037,672	)
Southern:
Statutory capital and surplus		54,405,568			45,355,785			54,503,581
Statutory unassigned (deficit) surplus		(2,375,794	)		(6,346,270	)		2,914,532
Statutory net income (loss)		5,061,477			(9,822,457	)		(3,375,434	)
Peninsula:
Statutory capital and surplus		39,244,570			32,717,996			39,396,818
Statutory unassigned surplus		20,936,805			14,415,949			21,148,253
Statutory net income (loss)		7,360,378			(6,316,130	)		(841,119	)
MICO:
Statutory capital and surplus		65,768,590			55,708,442			52,796,379
Statutory unassigned surplus		38,910,008			28,949,919			26,162,540
Statutory net income		9,976,610			6,350,686			7,931,774

Cover Page - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Cover Page - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Mar. 02, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Registrant Name	DONEGAL GROUP INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000800457
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Public Float			$ 208,752,753
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		23,277,039
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock
Trading Symbol	DGICA
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		5,576,775
Title of 12(b) Security	Class B Common Stock
Trading Symbol	DGICB
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ

Transactions with Affiliates (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Text Block [Abstract]

Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Ceded to Pool

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States ceded to the pool during

2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	218,642,984	$	212,928,238	$	200,752,599
Losses and loss expenses		173,238,503		159,495,489		140,015,950
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		116,189,929		106,224,424		103,991,861
Liability for losses and loss expenses		183,326,589		158,081,925		136,786,070

Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Assumed from Pool

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States assumed from the pool during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	479,835,362	$	473,512,781	$	451,470,894
Losses and loss expenses		309,852,141		335,789,280		289,503,373
Unearned premiums		237,106,338		231,958,181		228,988,598
Liability for losses and loss expenses		322,658,731		303,546,744		252,263,547

Schedule of Reinsurance Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to these Quota-Share Reinsurance Agreements

The following amounts represent reinsurance ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these quota-share reinsurance agreements during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	42,079,112	$	42,813,929	$	42,578,047
Losses and loss expenses		19,617,787		23,175,456		24,978,631
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		19,217,849		19,047,084		19,827,115
Liability for losses and loss expenses		36,597,834		38,434,078		36,396,109

Schedule of Insurance Subsidiaries Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to these Reinsurance Agreements

The following amounts represent reinsurance that our insurance subsidiaries ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these reinsurance agreements during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	14,404,636	$	19,190,067	$	17,215,273
Losses and loss expenses		13,769,736		12,899,927		8,953,411
Liability for losses and loss expenses		3,149,907		4,847,176		3,399,207

Schedule of Affiliated Reinsurance Transactions on Net Premiums Our Insurance Subsidiaries Earned

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net premiums our insurance subsidiaries earned during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Assumed	$	479,835,362		$	473,512,781		$	451,470,623
Ceded		(275,126,732	)		(274,932,234	)		(260,545,919	)

Net	$	204,708,630		$	198,580,547		$	190,924,704

Schedule of Reinsurance Transactions on Net Losses and Loss Expenses Our Insurance Subsidiaries Incurred

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net losses and loss expenses our insurance subsidiaries incurred during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Assumed	$	309,844,705		$	335,684,463		$	288,813,105
Ceded		(206,626,026	)		(195,570,872	)		(173,947,992	)

Net	$	103,218,679		$	140,113,591		$	114,865,113

Stock Compensation Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]

Stock Compensation Plans

13 - Stock Compensation Plans

Equity Incentive Plans

Since 1996, we have maintained an Equity Incentive Plan for Employees. During 2019, we adopted a plan that made a total of 4,500,000 shares of Class A common stock available for issuance to employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates. The plan provides for the granting of awards by our board of directors in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock or any combination of the above. The plan provides that stock options may become exercisable up to five years from their date of grant, with an option price not less than fair market value on the date preceding the date of grant. We have not granted any stock appreciation rights.

Since 1996, we have maintained an Equity Incentive Plan for Directors. During 2019, we adopted a plan that made 500,000 shares of Class A common stock available for issuance to our directors and the directors of our subsidiaries and affiliates.We may make awards in the form of stock options. The plan also provides for the issuance of 500 shares of restricted stock on the first business day of January in each year to each of our directors and each director of Donegal Mutual who does not serve as one of our directors. We issued 8,500 shares of restricted stock on January 2, 2019 under our director plan. We issued 8,500 shares of restricted stock on January 2, 2018 under our

prior

director plan. We issued 9,000 shares of restricted stock on January 3, 2017 under our

prior

director plan.

No further shares are available for future option grants for plans in effect prior to 2019.

We measure all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, using a fair-value-based method and record such expense in our results of operations. In determining the expense we record for stock options granted to directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, we estimate the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The significant assumptions we utilize in applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model are the risk-free interest rate, expected term, dividend yield and expected volatility. The risk-free interest rate is the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term used as the assumption in the model. We base the expected term of an option award on our historical experience for similar awards. We determine the dividend yield by dividing the per share dividend by the grant date stock price. We base the expected volatility on the volatility of our stock price over a historical period comparable to the expected term.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options we granted during 2019 was $1.15. We calculated this fair value based upon a risk-free interest rate of 1.64%, an expected life of three years, an expected volatility of 17% and an expected dividend yield of 4%.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options we granted during 2018 was $1.66. We calculated this fair value based upon a risk-free interest rate of 2.68%, an expected life of three years, an expected volatility of 22% and an expected dividend yield of 4%.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options we granted during 2017 was $1.81. We calculated this fair value based upon a risk-free interest rate of 2.01%, an expected life of three years, an expected volatility of 19% and an expected dividend yield of 3%.

We charged compensation expense for our stock compensation plans against income before income taxes of $1.4 million, $1.7 million and $2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, with a corresponding income tax benefit of $288,901, $354,412 and $692,164. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, our total unrecognized compensation cost related to

non-vested

share-based compensation granted under our stock compensation plans was $2.0 million and $2.5 million, respectively. We expect to recognize this cost over a weighted average period of 1.9 years.

During 201

, we received cash from option exercises under all stock compensation plans of $2.9 million. We realized actual tax benefits for the tax deductions from option exercises of share-based compensation of $64,765 for 2019. During 2018, we received cash from option exercises under all stock compensation plans of $1.1 million. We realized actual tax benefits for the tax deductions from option exercises of share-based compensation of $25,938 for 2018. During 2017, we received cash from option exercises under all stock compensation plans of $13.4 million. We realized actual tax benefits for the tax deductions from option exercises of share-based compensation of $873,515 for 2017.

Information regarding activity in our stock option plans follows:


	Number of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		9,338,648		$	14.95
Granted - 2017		943,000			17.58
Exercised - 2017		(924,019	)		14.45
Forfeited - 2017		(93,167	)		15.43

Outstanding at December 31, 2017		9,264,462			15.26
Granted - 2018		1,063,000			13.69
Exercised - 2018		(79,961	)		13.74
Forfeited - 2018		(222,639	)		16.00

Outstanding at December 31, 2018		10,024,862			15.09
Granted - 2019		1,045,400			14.97
Exercised - 2019		(217,498	)		13.23
Forfeited - 2019		(416,774	)		15.88

Outstanding at December 31, 2019		10,435,990		$	15.09

Exercisable at:
December 31, 2017		6,946,677		$	14.90

December 31, 2018		7,936,659		$	15.02

December 31, 2019		8,449,389		$	15.13

Shares available for future option grants at December 31, 201

totaled 4.0

million

shares under all plans.

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 201


Grant Date	Exercise Price		Number of Options Outstanding		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life		Number of Options Exercisable
July 27, 2011	$	12.50		907,101		2.0 years		907,101
December 20, 2012		14.50		1,009,819		3.0 years		1,009,819
December 19, 2013		15.90		1,991,804		4.0 years		1,991,804
December 18, 2014		15.80		1,270,581		5.0 years		1,270,581
December 17, 2015		13.64		1,191,845		1.0 years		1,191,845
December 15, 2016		16.48		1,202,808		2.0 years		1,202,808
December 21, 2017		17.60		799,832		3.0 years		533,168
December 20, 2018		13.69		1,016,800		4.0 years		338,930
March 4, 2019		13.51		10,000		4.2 years		3,333
December 19 , 201 9		14.98		1,035,400		5.0 years		—

		Total		10,435,990				8,449,389

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Since 1996, we have maintained an Employee Stock Purchase Plan. During 2011, we adopted a plan that made 300,000 shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance. During 2019, we amended the plan to make 500,000 shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance. The plan extends over a

10-year

period and provides for shares to be offered to all eligible employees at a purchase price equal to the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the last day before the first day of each enrollment period (June 1 and December 1 of each year) under the plan or 85% of the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the last day of each subscription period (June 30 and December 31 of each year).

A summary of plan activity follows:


	Shares Issued
	Price		Shares
January 1, 2017		13.76		18,512
July 1, 2017		13.52		25,155
January 1, 2018		13.34		20,662
July 1, 2018		11.57		27,802
January 1, 2019		11.60		24,834
July 1, 2019		12.24		22,926

On January 1, 2020, we issued 20,424 shares at a price of $12.28 per share under this plan.

Agency Stock Purchase Plan

Since 1996, we have maintained an Agency Stock Purchase Plan. During 2015, we adopted a plan that made 350,000 shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance to agents of our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual. The plan permits an agent to invest up to $12,000 per subscription period (April 1 to September 30 and October 1 to March 31 of each year) under various methods. We issue stock at the end of each subscription period at a price equal to 90% of the average market price during the last ten trading days of each subscription period. During 2019, 2018 and 2017, we issued 110,836, 117,935 and 104,418 shares, respectively, under this plan. The expense we recognized under the plan was not material.

Borrowings - Amount of FHLB of Indianapolis/Pittsburgh Stock Purchased, Collateral Pledged and Assets Related to MICO's/Atlantic States Agreement (Parenthetical) (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member] \| Atlantic States [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Collateral Pledged at carrying value	$ 36,295,910

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company - Summary of Condensed Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenues
Realized investment gains									$ 21,984,617	$ (4,801,509)	$ 5,705,255
Total revenues	$ 200,938,743	$ 198,009,900	$ 198,788,954	$ 214,713,874	$ 186,805,834	$ 199,904,180	$ 195,790,028	$ 189,328,278	812,451,471	771,828,320	739,026,537
Expenses
Interest									1,579,299	2,302,082	1,593,437
Total expenses									755,370,441	820,065,169	726,912,075
Income before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries									57,081,030	(48,236,849)	12,114,462
Income tax expense (benefit)									9,929,286	(15,476,509)	4,998,362
Net income (loss)	14,153,747	5,186,379	4,788,454	23,023,164	(14,998,763)	1,206,356	(789,855)	(18,178,078)	47,151,744	(32,760,340)	7,116,100
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$ 14,153,747	$ 5,186,379	$ 4,788,454	$ 23,023,164	$ (14,998,763)	$ 1,206,356	$ (789,855)	$ (18,178,078)	47,151,744	(32,760,340)	7,116,100
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Unrealized gain (loss)—subsidiaries									14,848,545	(7,019,532)	3,811,151
Comprehensive income (loss)									61,883,973	(39,385,469)	7,161,783
Parent Company [Member]
Revenues
Dividends from subsidiaries									4,000,000	11,000,000	13,000,000
Realized investment gains									12,378,000
Other									1,009,000	3,196,000	2,131,000
Total revenues									17,387,000	14,196,000	15,131,000
Expenses
Operating Expenses									1,420,000	1,628,000	1,433,000
Interest									1,327,000	2,224,000	1,929,000
Total expenses									2,747,000	3,852,000	3,362,000
Income before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries									14,640,000	10,344,000	11,769,000
Income tax expense (benefit)									636,000	411,000	(690,000)
Income before equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries									14,004,000	9,933,000	12,459,000
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries									33,148,000	(42,694,000)	(5,343,000)
Net income (loss)									47,152,000	(32,760,000)	7,116,000
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)									47,152,000	(32,760,000)	7,116,000
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Unrealized gain (loss)—subsidiaries									14,732,000	(6,625,000)	46,000
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax									14,732,000	(6,625,000)	46,000
Comprehensive income (loss)									$ 61,884,000	$ (39,385,000)	$ 7,162,000

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Held to maturity, fair value	$ 500,314,344	$ 405,038,296
Available for sale, amortized cost	$ 556,839,278	$ 535,112,451
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	2,000,000	2,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	26,203,935	25,819,341
Common stock, shares outstanding	23,201,347	22,816,753
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	5,649,240	5,649,240
Common stock, shares outstanding	5,576,775	5,576,775

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	$ 47,151,744	$ (32,760,340)	$ 7,116,100
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and other non-cash items	5,573,074	6,609,632	6,109,869
Net investment (gains) losses	(21,984,617)	4,801,509	(5,705,255)
Equity in earnings of Donegal Financial Services Corporation	(295,000)	(2,693,962)	(1,621,605)
Changes in Assets and Liabilities:
Losses and loss expenses	55,008,625	137,993,497	70,007,137
Unearned premiums	3,618,879	3,072,065	37,401,313
Accrued expenses	3,011,598	(2,591,630)	(212,915)
Premiums receivable	(9,030,699)	3,704,182	(1,016,765)
Deferred policy acquisition costs	1,330,268	(325,267)	(3,980,664)
Deferred income taxes	649,928	(4,179,805)	11,889,970
Reinsurance receivable	(23,652,403)	(45,026,502)	(35,314,555)
Accrued investment income	(504,830)	(8,078)	(257,608)
Amounts due to affiliate	(805,369)	3,560,172	16,519,278
Reinsurance balances payable	(1,766,109)	(233,966)	(253,369)
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	(7,095,990)	(347,136)	(10,777,146)
Current income taxes	19,117,435	(8,097,499)	(9,826,855)
Other, net	6,033,243	299,262	(113,482)
Dividends received from Donegal Financial Services Corporation			1,036,750
Net adjustments	29,208,033	96,536,474	73,884,098
Net cash provided by operating activities	76,359,777	63,776,134	81,000,198
Purchases of fixed maturities:
Held to maturity	(96,724,391)	(48,969,776)	(51,049,152)
Available for sale	(165,989,508)	(116,961,667)	(138,675,907)
Purchases of equity securities	(20,722,416)	(11,303,361)	(17,033,093)
Sales of fixed maturities:
Available for sale	19,527,658	13,202,367	10,081,785
Maturity of fixed maturities:
Held to maturity	24,460,749	13,184,665	20,577,326
Available for sale	119,113,273	105,266,805	99,544,479
Sales of equity securities	40,465,748	13,779,330	20,880,814
Net purchases of property and equipment	(149,603)	(105,525)	(1,090,726)
Net sales (purchases) of short-term investments	2,718,538	(5,698,845)	(1,678,908)
Net cash used in investing activities	(43,377,179)	(37,606,007)	(58,443,382)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Issuance of common stock	4,834,514	3,249,849	15,511,457
Cash dividends paid	(16,092,643)	(15,658,950)	(14,822,052)
Payments on lines of credit	(25,000,000)		(10,000,000)
Borrowings under lines of credit		1,000,000
Net cash used in financing activities	(36,258,129)	(11,409,101)	(9,310,595)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(3,275,531)	14,761,026	13,246,221
Cash at beginning of year	52,594,461	37,833,435	24,587,214
Cash at end of year	49,318,930	52,594,461	37,833,435
Donegal Financial Services Corporation [Member]
Maturity of fixed maturities:
Sale of investment	$ 33,922,773

Reinsurance (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Insurance [Abstract]

Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with Unaffiliated Reinsurers

The following amounts represent ceded reinsurance transactions with unaffiliated reinsurers during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums written	$	36,941,997	$	50,160,604	$	51,241,267
Premiums earned		39,732,282		51,266,000		49,633,348
Losses and loss expenses		33,615,819		50,652,202		44,575,268
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		7,067,989		10,108,269		11,213,665
Liability for losses and loss expenses		139,694,097		137,904,346		116,689,871

Total Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with both Affiliated and Unaffiliated Reinsurers

The following amounts represent total ceded reinsurance transactions with both affiliated and unaffiliated reinsurers during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	314,859,014	$	326,198,234	$	310,179,267
Losses and loss expenses		240,241,845		246,223,074		218,523,260
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		142,475,767		135,379,777		135,032,641
Liability for losses and loss expenses		362,768,427		339,267,525		293,271,257

Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Written

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums written for 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Direct	$	589,572,526		$	594,078,723		$	584,007,351
Assumed		485,233,762			476,482,451			466,087,983
Ceded		(322,204,999	)		(326,545,370	)		(320,956,412	)

Net premiums written	$	752,601,289		$	744,015,804		$	729,138,922

Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Earned

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums earned for 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Direct	$	591,101,804		$	593,976,241		$	561,178,447
Assumed		479,835,610			473,512,866			451,515,575
Ceded		(314,859,014	)		(326,198,234	)		(310,179,267	)

Net premiums earned	$	756,078,400		$	741,290,873		$	702,514,755

Percentage of assumed premiums earned to net premiums earned		63.5	%		63.9	%		64.3	%

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company

18 - Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company

Condensed Balance Sheets

(in thousands)


December 31,	2019		2018
Assets
Investment in subsidiaries/affiliates (equity method)	$	489,657	$	465,030
Short-term investments		2,502		29
Cash		2,350		1,542
Property and equipment		944		928
Other		—		—

Total assets	$	495,453	$	467,529

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	$	4,075	$	3,948
Borrowings under lines of credit		35,000		60,000
Other		5,362		4,711

Total liabilities		44,437		68,659

Stockholders’ equity		451,016		398,870

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equit y	$	495,453	$	467,529

Condensed Statements of

Income

(Loss) and Comprehensive

Income

(Loss)

(in thousands)


Year Ended December 31,	2019		2018			2017
Statements of Income (Loss)
Revenues
Dividends from subsidiaries	$	4,000	$	11,000		$	13,000
Realized investment gains		12,378		—			—
Other		1,009		3,196			2,131

Total revenues		17,387		14,196			15,131

Expenses
Operating expenses		1,420		1,628			1,433
Interest		1,327		2,224			1,929

Total expenses		2,747		3,852			3,362

Income before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		14,640		10,344			11,769
Income tax expense (benefit)		636		411			(690	)

Income before equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		14,004		9,933			12,459
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		33,148		(42,693	)		(5,343	)

Net income (loss)	$	47,152	$	(32,760	)	$	7,116

Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	47,152	$	(32,760	)	$	7,116

Other comprehensive income (loss) , net of tax
Unrealized gain (loss) - subsidiaries		14,732		(6,625	)		46

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		14,732		(6,625	)		46

Comprehensive income (loss )	$	61,884	$	(39,385	)	$	7,162

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)


Year Ended December 31,	2019			2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	47,152		$	(32,760	)	$	7,116

Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries		(33,148	)		42,694			5,343
Realized investment gains		(12,378	)		—			—
Dividends received from DFSC		—			—			1,037
Other		490			2,531			1,011

Net adjustments		(45,036	)		45,225			7,391

Net cash provided		2,116			12,465			14,507

Cash flows from investing activities:
Net (purchases) sale of short-term investments		(2,473	)		—			1
Net purchase of property and equipment		(150	)		(106	)		(788	)
Sale of DFSC		33,923			—			—
Sale of equity securities - available for sale		20,287			—			—
Investment in subsidiaries		(18,283	)		(2,644	)		(2,992	)
Other		—			(1	)		(1	)

Net cash received (used)		33,304			(2,751	)		(3,780	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash dividends paid		(16,093	)		(15,659	)		(14,821	)
Issuance of common stock		6,481			3,250			15,511
Payments on lines of credit		(25,000	)		—			(10,000	)
Borrowings under lines of credit		—			1,000			—

Net cash used		(34,612	)		(11,409	)		(9,310	)

Net change in cash		808			(1,695	)		1,417
Cash at beginning of year		1,542			3,237			1,820

Cash at end of year	$	2,350		$	1,542		$	3,237

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements for Investments in Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in

available-for-sale

fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2019:


	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	(in thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	19,364,459	$	—	$	19,364,459	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		56,796,288		—		56,796,288		—
Corporate securities		159,243,309		—		159,243,309		—
Mortgage-backed securities		329,547,747		—		329,547,747		—
Equity securities		55,477,556		53,124,368		2,353,188		—

Total investments in the fair value hierarchy	$	620,429,359	$	53,124,368	$	567,304,991	$	—

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in

available-for-sale

fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 201


	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	44,209,929	$	—	$	44,209,929	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		75,215,969		—		75,215,969		—
Corporate securities		137,833,145		—		137,833,145		—
Mortgage-backed securities		269,299,261		—		269,299,261		—
Equity securities		30,674,835		28,351,110		2,323,725		—

Total investments in the fair value hierarchy		557,233,139		28,351,110		528,882,029		—

Investment measured at net asset value		12,992,174		—		—		—

Totals	$	570,225,313	$	28,351,110	$	528,882,029	$	—

Reinsurance

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Insurance [Abstract]

Reinsurance

10 - Reinsurance

Unaffiliated Reinsurers

Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual implemented a combined third-party reinsurance program effective January 1, 2019. The coverage and parameters of the fully consolidated program are common to all of our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual. Our insurance subsidiaries use several different reinsurers, all of which have an A.M. Best rating of

A-

(Excellent) or better or, with respect to foreign reinsurers, have a financial condition that, in the opinion of our management, is equivalent to a company with at least an

A-

rating from A.M. Best. The following information describes the external reinsurance our insurance subsidiaries had in place for 2019:

•

excess of loss reinsurance, under which the losses of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries were automatically reinsured, through a series of contracts, over a set retention of $1.0 million for property losses and a retention of $2.0 million for casualty losses (including workers’ compensation losses); and

•

catastrophe reinsurance, under which Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries recovered, through a series of reinsurance agreements, 100% of an accumulation of many losses resulting from a single event, including natural disasters, over a set retention of $10.0 million and after exceeding an annual aggregate deductible of $1.2 million up to aggregate losses of $190.0 million per occurrence.

Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual also purchased facultative reinsurance to cover exposures in excess of the covered limits of their third-party reinsurance agreements.

As many as 31 reinsurers provided coverage for 2019 on any one treaty with no reinsurer taking more than 40% of any one treaty.

The amount of coverage provided under each of these types of reinsurance depended upon the amount, nature, size and location of the risks being reinsured. In order to write automobile insurance in the State of Michigan, MICO is required to be a member of the Michigan Catastrophic Claims Association (“MCCA”). The MCCA provides reinsurance to MICO for personal automobile and commercial automobile personal injury claims in the State of Michigan over a set retention.

In addition to the pooling agreement and third-party reinsurance, our insurance subsidiaries had a catastrophe reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual, under which each of our insurance subsidiaries recovered 100% of an accumulation of multiple losses resulting from a single event, including natural disasters, over a set retention of $2.0 million up to aggregate losses of $8.0 million per occurrence. The agreement also provided additional coverage for an accumulation of losses from a single event including a combination of our insurance subsidiaries over a combined retention of $5.0 million.

The following amounts represent ceded reinsurance transactions with unaffiliated reinsurers during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums written	$	36,941,997	$	50,160,604	$	51,241,267
Premiums earned		39,732,282		51,266,000		49,633,348
Losses and loss expenses		33,615,819		50,652,202		44,575,268
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		7,067,989		10,108,269		11,213,665
Liability for losses and loss expenses		139,694,097		137,904,346		116,689,871

Total Reinsurance

The following amounts represent total ceded reinsurance transactions with both affiliated and unaffiliated reinsurers during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	314,859,014	$	326,198,234	$	310,179,267
Losses and loss expenses		240,241,845		246,223,074		218,523,260
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		142,475,767		135,379,777		135,032,641
Liability for losses and loss expenses		362,768,427		339,267,525		293,271,257

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums written for 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Direct	$	589,572,526		$	594,078,723		$	584,007,351
Assumed		485,233,762			476,482,451			466,087,983
Ceded		(322,204,999	)		(326,545,370	)		(320,956,412	)

Net premiums written	$	752,601,289		$	744,015,804		$	729,138,922

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums earned for 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Direct	$	591,101,804		$	593,976,241		$	561,178,447
Assumed		479,835,610			473,512,866			451,515,575
Ceded		(314,859,014	)		(326,198,234	)		(310,179,267	)

Net premiums earned	$	756,078,400		$	741,290,873		$	702,514,755

Percentage of assumed premiums earned to net premiums earned		63.5	%		63.9	%		64.3	%

Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

19 - Segment Information

We have three reportable segments, which consist of our investment function, our commercial lines of insurance and our

personal lines of insurance

. Using independent agents, our insurance subsidiaries market commercial lines of insurance to small and

medium-sized

businesses

and personal lines of insurance

ind

ividuals

We evaluate the performance of the

commercial

lines and

personal

lines primarily based upon our insurance subsidiaries’ underwriting results as determined under SAP for our total business.

We do not allocate assets to the commercial

and

personal

lines

and review the two segments in total for purposes of decision-making. We operate only in the United States, and no single customer or agent provides 10 percent or more of our revenues.

Financial data by segment is as follows:


	2019		2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Premiums earned:
Commercial lines	$	385,465	$	337,924		$	318,391
Personal lines		370,613		403,367			384,124

GAAP premiums earned		756,078		741,291			702,515
Net investment income		29,515		26,908			23,527
Investment gains (losses)		21,985		(4,802	)		5,705
Equity in earnings of DFSC		295		2,694			1,622
Other		4,578		5,737			5,658

Total revenues	$	812,451	$	771,828		$	739,027


	2019			2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Underwriting income (loss):
Commercial lines	$	8,404		$	(22,059	)	$	13,263
Personal lines		(1,617	)		(53,590	)		(39,042	)

SAP underwriting income (loss)		6,787			(75,649	)		(25,779	)
GAAP adjustments		(3,079	)		894			4,408

GAAP underwriting inco m e (loss)		3,708			(74,755	)		(21,371	)
Net investment income		29,515			26,908			23,527
Investment gains (losses)		21,985			(4,802	)		5,705
Equity in earnings of DFSC		295			2,694			1,622
Other		1,578			1,718			2,631

Income (loss) before income taxes	$	57,081		$	(48,237	)	$	12,114

Borrowings

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Borrowings

9 - Borrowings

Lines of Credit

In March 2019, we terminated our previous credit agreement with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company (“M&T”) and entered into a new credit agreement with M&T. The new credit agreement relates to a $30.0 million unsecured revolving line of credit. The line of credit expires in July 2020. At December 31, 2019, we had

outstanding borrowings from M&T and had the ability to borrow up to $30.0 million at interest rates equal to M&T’s current prime rate or the then-current LIBOR rate plus 2.25%. We pay a fee of 0.15% per annum on the loan commitment amount regardless of usage. The credit agreement requires our compliance with certain covenants. These covenants include minimum levels of our net worth, leverage ratio, statutory surplus and the A.M. Best ratings of our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, Atlantic States has guaranteed our payment obligations under the new credit agreement. We complied with all of the requirements of the new credit

agreement during 2019.

Atlantic States is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Pittsburgh. Through its membership, Atlantic States has the ability to issue debt to the FHLB of Pittsburgh in exchange for cash advances.

In August 2019

, Atlantic States exchanged a variable-rate cash advance

of $35.0 million that was due in March 2020 for a fixed-rate cash advance of $35.0 million that was outstanding at December 31, 2019. Atlantic States incurred a penalty of $176,000

related to the early termination of its previous cash advance. The new cash advance carries a fixed interest rate of

1.74% and is due in August 2024. The table below presents the amount of FHLB of Pittsburgh stock Atlantic States purchased, collateral pledged and assets related to Atlantic States’ membership in the FHLB of Pittsburgh at December 31, 2019.


FHLB stock purchased and owned as part of the agreement	$	1,639,200
Collateral pledged, at par (carrying value $36,295,910)		36,370,886
Borrowing capacity currently available		240,569

MICO is a member of the FHLB of Indianapolis. During the second quarter of 2018, MICO terminated its line of credit with the FHLB of Indianapolis.

Subordinated Debentures

In January 2002, West Bend Mutual Insurance Company (“West Bend”)

purchased a surplus note from MICO for $5.0 million to increase MICO’s statutory surplus. On December 1, 2010, Donegal Mutual purchased the surplus note from West Bend at face value. The surplus note carries an interest rate of 5.00%, and any repayment of principal or interest requires prior insurance regulatory approval. Upon receipt of regulatory approval, MICO paid $250,000 in interest to Donegal Mutual during each of 2019, 2018 and 2017.

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Text Block [Abstract]

Reconciliation Of Statutory Filings To Amounts Reported

15 - Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements

Our insurance subsidiaries must file financial statements with state insurance regulatory authorities using accounting principles and practices prescribed or permitted by those authorities. We refer to these accounting principles and practices as statutory accounting principles (“SAP”). Accounting principles used to prepare these SAP financial statements differ from those used to prepare financial statements on the basis of GAAP.

Reconciliations of statutory net

income

(loss) and capital and surplus, as determined using SAP, to the net

income

(loss) and stockholders’ equity amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Statutory net income (loss) of insurance subsidiaries	$	44,680,696		$	(33,246,417	)	$	1,677,549
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		(1,330,268	)		325,267			3,980,664
Deferred federal income taxes		639,284			4,179,807			1,334,410
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		207,000			2,061,600			1,199,200
Consolidating eliminations and adjustments		(11,048,314	)		(16,013,971	)		(13,534,428	)
Parent-only net income		14,003,346			9,933,374			12,458,705

Net income (loss)	$	47,151,744		$	(32,760,340	)	$	7,116,100


	December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries	$	418,449,596		$	364,518,536		$	407,125,532
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		59,284,859			60,615,127			60,289,860
Deferred federal income taxes		(15,477,843	)		(20,094,374	)		(14,422,511	)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		20,245,200			20,038,200			17,976,600
Non-admitted assets and other adjustments, net		1,727,754			1,904,083			1,960,089
Fixed maturities		(326,795	)		(16,528,367	)		(8,748,140	)
Parent-only equity and other adjustments		(32,887,252	)		(11,583,304	)		(15,485,326	)

Stockholders’ equity	$	451,015,519		$	398,869,901		$	448,696,104

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenues
Net premiums earned (includes affiliated reinsurance of $203,409,131, $198,580,547 and $190,924,704 - see note 3)	$ 756,078,400	$ 741,290,873	$ 702,514,755
Investment income, net of investment expenses	29,514,955	26,907,656	23,527,304
Installment payment fees	4,134,749	5,256,721	5,157,163
Lease income	443,750	480,617	500,455
Net investment gains (losses)	21,984,617	(4,801,509)	5,705,255
Equity in earnings of Donegal Financial Services Corporation	295,000	2,693,962	1,621,605
Total revenues	812,451,471	771,828,320	739,026,537
Expenses
Net losses and loss expenses (includes affiliated reinsurance of $103,218,679, $140,113,591 and $114,865,113 - see note 3)	506,387,664	576,458,420	487,268,054
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	122,443,000	120,964,000	115,065,000
Other underwriting expenses	114,561,741	113,270,131	116,538,431
Policyholder dividends	8,978,406	5,353,023	5,014,624
Interest	1,579,299	2,302,082	1,593,437
Other, net	1,420,331	1,717,513	1,432,529
Total expenses	755,370,441	820,065,169	726,912,075
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)	57,081,030	(48,236,849)	12,114,462
Income tax expense (benefit)	9,929,286	(15,476,509)	4,998,362
Net income (loss)	47,151,744	(32,760,340)	7,116,100
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	47,151,744	(32,760,340)	7,116,100
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities:
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $3,947,082, ($1,865,948) and $1,964,385	14,848,545	(7,019,532)	3,811,151
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income (loss), net of income tax expense (benefit) of $30,920, ($104,841) and $1,939,787	(116,316)	394,403	(3,765,468)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	14,732,229	(6,625,129)	45,683
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 61,883,973	$ (39,385,469)	$ 7,161,783
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Common stock - Basic	$ 1.68	$ (1.18)	$ 0.27
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Common stock - Diluted	1.67	(1.18)	0.26
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Common stock - Basic	1.51	(1.09)	0.22
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Common stock - Diluted	$ 1.51	$ (1.09)	$ 0.22

Investments - Summary of Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Fixed Maturities (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total held to maturity, Amortized Cost	$ 476,093,782	$ 402,798,518
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Gains	24,926,519	8,872,223
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Losses	705,957	6,632,445
Total held to maturity, Estimated Fair Value	500,314,344	405,038,296
Available for Sale, Amortized Cost	556,839,278	535,112,451
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Gains	9,056,799	2,139,728
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Losses	944,274	10,693,875
Available for Sale, Estimated Fair Value	564,951,803	526,558,304
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total held to maturity, Amortized Cost	82,916,052	76,222,306
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Gains	1,803,230	174,904
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Losses	68,560	1,086,613
Total held to maturity, Estimated Fair Value	84,650,722	75,310,597
Available for Sale, Amortized Cost	19,302,056	45,188,053
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Gains	81,773	25,241
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Losses	19,370	1,003,365
Available for Sale, Estimated Fair Value	19,364,459	44,209,929
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total held to maturity, Amortized Cost	204,634,486	159,292,158
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Gains	14,236,736	8,236,804
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Losses	288,174	704,104
Total held to maturity, Estimated Fair Value	218,583,048	166,824,858
Available for Sale, Amortized Cost	55,162,046	73,760,836
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Gains	1,641,171	1,762,127
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Losses	6,929	306,994
Available for Sale, Estimated Fair Value	56,796,288	75,215,969
Corporate Securities [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total held to maturity, Amortized Cost	156,398,001	127,010,071
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Gains	8,274,912	396,197
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Losses	333,166	4,391,451
Total held to maturity, Estimated Fair Value	164,339,747	123,014,817
Available for Sale, Amortized Cost	154,946,586	140,688,937
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Gains	4,477,035	203,393
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Losses	180,312	3,059,185
Available for Sale, Estimated Fair Value	159,243,309	137,833,145
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total held to maturity, Amortized Cost	32,145,243	40,273,983
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Gains	611,641	64,318
Held to Maturity, Gross Unrealized Losses	16,057	450,277
Total held to maturity, Estimated Fair Value	32,740,827	39,888,024
Available for Sale, Amortized Cost	327,428,590	275,474,625
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Gains	2,856,820	148,967
Available for Sale, Gross Unrealized Losses	737,663	6,324,331
Available for Sale, Estimated Fair Value	$ 329,547,747	$ 269,299,261

Borrowings - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Borrowings - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit expiration month and year	2020-07
Line of credit, interest rate description	Interest rates equal to M&T's current prime rate or the then-current LIBOR rate plus 2.25%.
Percentage commitment fee	0.15%
Interest paid	$ 250,000	$ 250,000	$ 250,000
Line of credit facility amount outstanding	35,000,000	$ 60,000,000
Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility remaining borrowing capacity	$ 30,000,000
Line of credit covenant description	The credit agreement requires our compliance with certain covenants. These covenants include minimum levels of our net worth, leverage ratio, statutory surplus and the A.M. Best ratings of our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, Atlantic States has guaranteed our payment obligations under the new credit agreement. We complied with all of the requirements of the new credit agreement as of the filing date of this Form 10-K Report.
FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member] \| Atlantic States [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Right to request for extension of credit agreement with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company	$ 240,569
Outstanding advances	35,000,000
Federal home loan bank, fixed rate advances	35,000,000
Pre-Payment of Penalty	176,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Right to request for extension of credit agreement with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company	30,000,000
Line of credit facility amount outstanding	$ 0
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company [Member] \| London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument variable interest rate spread	2.25%
Lines of Credit [Member] \| FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member] \| Atlantic States [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Interest rate on advances	1.74%
Subordinated Debentures [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument stated interest rate	5.00%
Subordinated Debentures [Member] \| West Bend Mutual Insurance Company [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Surplus note	$ 5,000,000

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Increase (Decrease) in liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years	$ (12,932,277)	$ 35,631,610	$ 6,621,413
Percentage of 2010 development	2.70%	9.30%		1.90%
Personal Automobile [Member]
Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Reserve created for commercial automobile	$ 20,800,000	$ 17,700,000

Stockholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Federal Home Loan Banks [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

12 - Stockholders’ Equity

Each share of our Class A common stock outstanding at the time of the declaration of any dividend or other distribution payable in cash upon the shares of our Class B common stock is entitled to a dividend or distribution payable at the same time and to stockholders of record on the same date in an amount at least 10% greater than any dividend declared upon each share of our Class B common stock. In the event of our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, the holders of our Class A common stock and the holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to receive the same per share consideration in such merger or consolidation. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or

winding-up,

any assets available to common stockholders will be distributed

pro-rata

to the holders of our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock after payment of all of our obligations.

On July 18, 2013, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which we have the authority to purchase up to 500,000 additional shares of our Class A common stock at prices prevailing from time to time in the open market subject to the provisions of the SEC

Rule 10b-18

and in privately negotiated transactions. We did not purchase any shares of our Class A common stock under this program during 2019, 2018 or 2017. We have purchased a total of 57,658 shares of our Class A common stock under this program from its inception through December 31, 201

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, our treasury stock consisted of 3,002,588 and 72,465 shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock, respectively.

Investments - Summary of Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value of Fixed Maturities by Contractual Maturity (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less, Amortized Cost	$ 16,132,891
Due after one year through five years, Amortized Cost	73,727,277
Due after five years through ten years, Amortized Cost	182,428,771
Due after ten years, Amortized Cost	171,659,600
Mortgage-backed securities, Amortized Cost	32,145,243
Total held to maturity, Amortized Cost	476,093,782	$ 402,798,518
Available for sale
Due in one year or less, Amortized Cost	12,943,726
Due after one year through five years, Amortized Cost	89,684,400
Due after five years through ten years, Amortized Cost	112,308,452
Due after ten years, Amortized Cost	14,474,110
Mortgage-backed securities, Amortized Cost	327,428,590
Total available for sale, Amortized Cost	556,839,278	535,112,451
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less, Estimated Fair Value	16,205,362
Due after one year through five years, Estimated Fair Value	76,542,800
Due after five years through ten years, Estimated Fair Value	191,642,042
Due after ten years, Estimated Fair Value	183,183,313
Mortgage-backed securities, Estimated Fair Value	32,740,827
Total held to maturity, Estimated Fair Value	500,314,344	405,038,296
Available for sale
Due in one year or less, Estimated Fair Value	13,075,792
Due after one year through five years, Estimated Fair Value	91,992,458
Due after five years through ten years, Estimated Fair Value	115,407,525
Due after ten years, Estimated Fair Value	14,928,281
Mortgage-backed securities, Estimated Fair Value	329,547,747
Total available for sale, Estimated Fair Value	$ 564,951,803	$ 526,558,304

Interim Financial Data

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Interim Financial Data

21 - Interim Financial Data (unaudited)


	2019
	First Quarter		Secon d Q uarter		Thir d Q uarter		Fourt h Q uarter
Net premiums earned	$	188,073,242	$	188,763,313	$	189,821,058	$	189,420,787
Total revenues		214,713,874		198,788,954		198,009,900		200,938,743
Net losses and loss expenses		123,110,656		131,507,280		130,743,395		121,026,333
Net income		23,023,164		4,788,454		5,186,379		14,153,747
Net earnings per common share:
Class A common stock - basic		0.82		0.17		0.19		0.50
Class A common stock - diluted		0.82		0.17		0.18		0.50
Class B common stock - basic and diluted		0.75		0.15		0.16		0.45


	2018
	Firs t Q uarter			Secon d Q uarter			Thir d Q uarter		Fourt h Q uarter
Net premiums earned	$	181,764,580		$	185,714,110		$	187,661,705	$	186,150,478
Total revenues		189,328,278			195,790,028			199,904,180		186,805,834
Net losses and loss expenses		156,583,268			135,753,645			140,726,106		143,395,401
Net (lo ss) income		(18,178,078	)		(789,855	)		1,206,356		(14,998,763	)
Net (loss) earnings per common share:
Class A common stock - basic		(0.66	)		(0.03	)		0.04		(0.53	)
Class A common stock - diluted		(0.66	)		(0.03	)		0.04		(0.53	)
Class B common stock - basic and diluted		(0.60	)		(0.03	)		0.04		(0.50	)

Impact of New Accounting Standards

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]

Impact of New Accounting Standards

2 - Impact of New Accounting Standards

In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance that generally requires entities to measure equity investments at fair value and recognize changes in fair value in their results of operations. This guidance also simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring entities to perform a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. The FASB issued other disclosure and presentation improvements related to financial instruments within the guidance. The guidance was effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. As a result of the adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2018, we transferred $4.9 million of net unrealized gains from accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to retained earnings. We recognized $8.9 million of

unrealized

gains and $25,751

unrealized

losses on equity securities held at December 31, 2019 in net investment gains for 2019. We recognized $1.2 million of

unrealized

gains and $4.4 million of

unrealized

losses on equity securities held at December 31, 2018 in net investment losses for 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance that requires lessees to recognize leases, including operating leases, on the lessee’s balance sheet, unless a lease is considered a short-term lease. This guidance also requires entities to make new judgments to identify leases. The guidance was effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and permitted early adoption. Our adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2019 did not have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance that simplifies the measurement of goodwill by modifying the goodwill impairment test previous guidance required. The guidance requires an entity to perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize impairment for the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. The guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and permits early adoption. We early adopted this guidance in 2019. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance that modifies disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. The guidance removes the requirements to disclose the amounts of, and reasons for, transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and permits early adoption. We early adopted this guidance in 2019. The adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2019 did not have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance that amends previous guidance on the impairment of financial instruments by adding an impairment model that requires an entity to recognize expected credit losses as an allowance rather than impairments as credit losses are incurred. The intent of this guidance is to reduce complexity and result in a more timely recognition of expected credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued guidance that delays the effective date for “smaller reporting companies,” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation

S-K,

to annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022 from December 15, 2019. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments

4 - Investments

The amortized cost and estimated fair values of our fixed maturities at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:


	2019
Held to Maturity	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	82,916,052	$	1,803,230	$	68,560	$	84,650,722
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		204,634,486		14,236,736		288,174		218,583,048
Corporate securities		156,398,001		8,274,912		333,166		164,339,747
Mortgage-backed securities		32,145,243		611,641		16,057		32,740,827

Totals	$	476,093,782	$	24,926,519	$	705,957	$	500,314,344


	2019
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	19,302,056	$	81,773	$	19,370	$	19,364,459
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		55,162,046		1,641,171		6,929		56,796,288
Corporate securities		154,946,586		4,477,035		180,312		159,243,309
Mortgage-backed securities		327,428,590		2,856,820		737,663		329,547,747

Totals	$	556,839,278	$	9,056,799	$	944,274	$	564,951,803


	2018
Held to Maturity	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	76,222,306	$	174,904	$	1,086,613	$	75,310,597
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		159,292,158		8,236,804		704,104		166,824,858
Corporate securities		127,010,071		396,197		4,391,451		123,014,817
Mortgage-backed securities		40,273,983		64,318		450,277		39,888,024

Totals	$	402,798,518	$	8,872,223	$	6,632,445	$	405,038,296


	2018
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	45,188,053	$	25,241	$	1,003,365	$	44,209,929
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		73,760,836		1,762,127		306,994		75,215,969
Corporate securities		140,688,937		203,393		3,059,185		137,833,145
Mortgage-backed securities		275,474,625		148,967		6,324,331		269,299,261

Totals	$	535,112,451	$	2,139,728	$	10,693,875	$	526,558,304

At December 31, 2019, our holdings of obligations of states and political subdivisions included general obligation bonds with an aggregate fair value of $182.0 million and an amortized cost of $172.3 million. Our holdings also included special revenue bonds with an aggregate fair value of $93.4 million and an amortized cost of $87.5 million. With respect to both categories of bonds, we held no securities of any issuer that comprised more than 10% of that category at December 31, 201

. Education bonds and water and sewer utility bonds represented 44% and 35%, respectively, of our total investments in special revenue bonds based on their carrying values at December 31, 201

. Many of the issuers of the special revenue bonds we held at December 31, 2019 have the authority to impose ad valorem taxes. In that respect, many of the special revenue bonds we held are similar to general obligation bonds.

At December 31, 2018, our holdings of obligations of states and political subdivisions included general obligation bonds with an aggregate fair value of $157.7 million and an amortized cost of $152.2 million. Our holdings also included special revenue bonds with an aggregate fair value of $84.3 million and an amortized cost of $80.9 million. With respect to both categories of bonds, we held no securities of any issuer that comprised more than 10% of that category at December 31, 2018. Education bonds and water and sewer utility bonds represented 49% and 29%, respectively, of our total investments in special revenue bonds based on their carrying values at December 31, 2018. Many of the issuers of the special revenue bonds we held at December 31, 2018 have the authority to impose ad valorem taxes. In that respect, many of the special revenue bonds we held are similar to general obligation bonds.

We have segregated within accumulated other comprehensive

income

the net unrealized losses of $15.1 million arising prior to the November 30, 2013 reclassification date for fixed maturities reclassified from available for sale to held to maturity. We will amortize this balance over the remaining life of the related securities as an adjustment of yield in a manner consistent with the accretion of discount on the same fixed maturities. During 2019, we recorded amortization of $1.2 million in other comprehensive

income

. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, net unrealized losses of $7.5 million and $8.6 million, respectively, remained within accumulated other comprehensive loss.

We set forth below the amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturities at December 31, 2019 by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less	$	16,132,891	$	16,205,362
Due after one year through five years		73,727,277		76,542,800
Due after five years through ten years		182,428,771		191,642,042
Due after ten years		171,659,600		183,183,313
Mortgage-backed securities		32,145,243		32,740,827

Total held to maturity	$	476,093,782	$	500,314,344

Available for sale
Due in one year or less	$	12,943,726	$	13,075,792
Due after one year through five years		89,684,400		91,992,458
Due after five years through ten years		112,308,452		115,407,525
Due after ten years		14,474,110		14,928,281
Mortgage-backed securities		327,428,590		329,547,747

Total available for sale	$	556,839,278	$	564,951,803

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2019 were as follows:


	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Equity securities	$	43,419,136	$	12,179,912	$	121,492	$	55,477,556

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2018 were as follows:


	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Equity securities	$	40,942,716	$	4,817,917	$	2,093,624	$	43,667,009

The amortized cost of fixed maturities on deposit with various regulatory authorities at December 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $8,330,651 and $8,795,334, respectively.

We derive

net investment income, consisting primarily of interest and dividends, from the following sources:


	2019			2018			2017
Fixed maturities	$	29,969,774		$	27,733,555		$	26,143,924
Equity securities		1,268,056			1,264,120			999,335
Short-term investments		1,243,104			795,522			407,580
Other		29,251			29,450			33,316

Investment income		32,510,185			29,822,647			27,584,155
Investment expenses		(2,995,230	)		(2,914,991	)		(4,056,851	)

Net investment income	$	29,514,955		$	26,907,656		$	23,527,304

We present below gross gains and losses from investments, including those we classified as held to maturity, and the change in the difference between fair value and cost of investments:


	2019		2018			2017
Gross gains:
Fixed maturities	$	470,983	$	131,660		$	168,855
Equity securities		10,471,285		1,890,762			6,197,253
Investment in affiliate		12,662,147
		23,604,415		2,022,422			6,366,108
Gross losses:
Fixed maturities		323,746		630,904			98,723
Equity securities		1,296,052		6,193,027			562,130
		1,619,798		6,823,931			660,853
Net investment gains (losses)	$	21,984,617	$	(4,801,509	)	$	5,705,255
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments:
Fixed maturities	$	38,647,456	$	(20,641,433	)	$	2,335,578
Equity securities		9,334,127		(3,501,853	)		1,569,999
Totals	$	47,981,583	$	(24,143,286	)	$	3,905,577

We recognized $8.9 million of

unrealized

gains and $25,751 of

unrealized

losses on equity securities held at December 31, 2019 in net investment gains for 2019. We

recognized $1.2 million of

unrealized

gains and $4.4 million of

unrealized

losses on equity securities held at December 31, 201

in net investment losses for 201

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2019 as follows:


	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	7,461,245	$	45,688	$	5,394,735	$	42,242
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		23,339,340		293,516		2,326,813		1,587
Corporate securities		19,362,346		263,280		18,803,546		250,198
Mortgage-backed securities		28,507,123		55,729		74,088,769		697,991

Totals	$	78,670,054	$	658,213	$	100,613,863	$	992,018

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2018 as follows:


	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	26,342,398	$	165,774	$	54,900,027	$	1,924,204
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		28,321,962		477,357		21,559,520		533,741
Corporate securities		149,269,854		4,482,870		59,396,885		2,967,766
Mortgage-backed securities		82,593,454		912,616		181,379,875		5,861,992

Totals	$	286,527,668	$	6,038,617	$	317,236,307	$	11,287,703

We did not recognize any impairment losses in 2019, 2018 or 2017. We had

sales or transfers from our held to maturity portfolio in 2019, 2018 or 2017. We had

derivative instruments or hedging activities during 2019, 2018 or 2017.

Investments - Additional Information (Detail)		12 Months Ended
Investments - Additional Information (Detail)	Nov. 30, 2013 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) Securities	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Net unrealized losses arising prior to reclassification date	$ 15,100,000
Amortization of unrealized losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		$ 1,200,000
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		504,170	$ (14,228,059)
Impairment losses		0	0	$ 0
Sales or transfers, held to maturity		0	0	0
Derivative instruments or hedging activities		0	0	$ 0
Amortized cost of fixed maturities on deposit with various regulatory authorities		8,330,651	8,795,334
Unrealised Gains on Equity Securities		12,179,912	4,817,917
Unrealised Loss on Equity Securities		121,492	2,093,624
Equity [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Unrealised Gains on Equity Securities		8,900,000	1,200,000
Unrealised Loss on Equity Securities		25,751	4,400,000
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value of bond held		182,000,000	157,700,000
Amortized cost of bond held		172,300,000	152,200,000
Special Revenue Bonds [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value of bond held		93,400,000	84,300,000
Amortized cost of bond held		$ 87,500,000	$ 80,900,000
Education Bonds [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of investments in special revenue bonds		44.00%	49.00%
Water and Sewer Utility Bonds [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of investments in special revenue bonds		35.00%	29.00%
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Number of fixed maturity securities classified as available for sale \| Securities		136
Accumulated Net Unrealized Investment Losses [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		$ 7,500,000	$ 8,600,000
Minimum [Member]
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of which the company held security of any issuer		10.00%	10.00%

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions - Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Statutory capital and surplus	$ 418,449,596	$ 364,518,536	$ 407,125,532
Statutory net income (loss)	44,680,696	(33,246,417)	1,677,549
Atlantic States [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Statutory capital and surplus	259,030,868	230,736,313	260,428,754
Statutory unassigned (deficit) surplus	155,909,822	140,713,118	172,709,955
Statutory net income (loss)	22,282,231	(23,458,516)	(2,037,672)
Southern [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Statutory capital and surplus	54,405,568	45,355,785	54,503,581
Statutory unassigned (deficit) surplus	(2,375,794)	(6,346,270)	2,914,532
Statutory net income (loss)	5,061,477	(9,822,457)	(3,375,434)
Peninsula [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Statutory capital and surplus	39,244,570	32,717,996	39,396,818
Statutory unassigned (deficit) surplus	20,936,805	14,415,949	21,148,253
Statutory net income (loss)	7,360,378	(6,316,130)	(841,119)
MICO [Member]
Statutory Accounting Practices [Line Items]
Statutory capital and surplus	65,768,590	55,708,442	52,796,379
Statutory unassigned (deficit) surplus	38,910,008	28,949,919	26,162,540
Statutory net income (loss)	$ 9,976,610	$ 6,350,686	$ 7,931,774

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Condensed Balance Sheets

Condensed Balance Sheets

(in thousands)


December 31,	2019		2018
Assets
Investment in subsidiaries/affiliates (equity method)	$	489,657	$	465,030
Short-term investments		2,502		29
Cash		2,350		1,542
Property and equipment		944		928
Other		—		—

Total assets	$	495,453	$	467,529

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	$	4,075	$	3,948
Borrowings under lines of credit		35,000		60,000
Other		5,362		4,711

Total liabilities		44,437		68,659

Stockholders’ equity		451,016		398,870

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equit y	$	495,453	$	467,529

Condensed Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Condensed Statements of

Income

(Loss) and Comprehensive

Income

(Loss)

(in thousands)


Year Ended December 31,	2019		2018			2017
Statements of Income (Loss)
Revenues
Dividends from subsidiaries	$	4,000	$	11,000		$	13,000
Realized investment gains		12,378		—			—
Other		1,009		3,196			2,131

Total revenues		17,387		14,196			15,131

Expenses
Operating expenses		1,420		1,628			1,433
Interest		1,327		2,224			1,929

Total expenses		2,747		3,852			3,362

Income before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		14,640		10,344			11,769
Income tax expense (benefit)		636		411			(690	)

Income before equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		14,004		9,933			12,459
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		33,148		(42,693	)		(5,343	)

Net income (loss)	$	47,152	$	(32,760	)	$	7,116

Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	47,152	$	(32,760	)	$	7,116

Other comprehensive income (loss) , net of tax
Unrealized gain (loss) - subsidiaries		14,732		(6,625	)		46

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		14,732		(6,625	)		46

Comprehensive income (loss )	$	61,884	$	(39,385	)	$	7,162

Summary of Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)


Year Ended December 31,	2019			2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	47,152		$	(32,760	)	$	7,116

Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries		(33,148	)		42,694			5,343
Realized investment gains		(12,378	)		—			—
Dividends received from DFSC		—			—			1,037
Other		490			2,531			1,011

Net adjustments		(45,036	)		45,225			7,391

Net cash provided		2,116			12,465			14,507

Cash flows from investing activities:
Net (purchases) sale of short-term investments		(2,473	)		—			1
Net purchase of property and equipment		(150	)		(106	)		(788	)
Sale of DFSC		33,923			—			—
Sale of equity securities - available for sale		20,287			—			—
Investment in subsidiaries		(18,283	)		(2,644	)		(2,992	)
Other		—			(1	)		(1	)

Net cash received (used)		33,304			(2,751	)		(3,780	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash dividends paid		(16,093	)		(15,659	)		(14,821	)
Issuance of common stock		6,481			3,250			15,511
Payments on lines of credit		(25,000	)		—			(10,000	)
Borrowings under lines of credit		—			1,000			—

Net cash used		(34,612	)		(11,409	)		(9,310	)

Net change in cash		808			(1,695	)		1,417
Cash at beginning of year		1,542			3,237			1,820

Cash at end of year	$	2,350		$	1,542		$	3,237

Schedule III - Supplementary Insurance Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

SEC Schedule, 12-16, Insurance Companies, Supplementary Insurance Information [Abstract]

Schedule III - Supplementary Insurance Information

DONEGAL GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

($ in thousands)


Segment	Net Premiums Earned		Net Investment Income		Net Losses and Loss Expenses		Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Other Underwriting Expenses		Net Premiums Written
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Commercial lines	$	385,465	$	—	$	242,685	$	62,424	$	61,631	$	404,879
Personal lines		370,613		—		263,703		60,019		52,931		347,722
Investments		—		29,515		—		—		—		—

	$	756,078	$	29,515	$	506,388	$	122,443	$	114,562	$	752,601

Year Ended December 31, 2018
Commercial lines	$	337,924	$	—	$	246,048	$	55,143	$	51,635	$	349,895
Personal lines		403,367		—		330,410		65,821		61,635		394,121
Investments		—		26,908		—		—		—		—

	$	741,291	$	26,908	$	576,458	$	120,964	$	113,270	$	744,016

Year Ended December 31, 2017
Commercial lines	$	318,391	$	—	$	197,344	$	52,149	$	52,817	$	329,116
Personal lines		384,124		—		289,924		62,916		63,721		400,023
Investments		—		23,527		—		—		—		—

	$	702,515	$	23,527	$	487,268	$	115,065	$	116,538	$	729,139


	At December 31,
Segment	Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses		Unearned Premiums		Other Policy Claims and Benefits Payable
2019
Commercial lines	$	30,947	$	582,682	$	266,297	$	—
Personal lines		28,338		286,992		243,850		—
Investments		—		—		—		—

	$	59,285	$	869,674	$	510,147	$	—

2018
Commercial lines	$	27,762	$	518,127	$	231,990	$	—
Personal lines		32,853		296,538		274,539		—
Investments		—		—		—		—

	$	60,615	$	814,665	$	506,529	$	—

Schedule III - Supplementary Insurance Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
SEC Schedule, 12-16, Insurance Companies, Supplementary Insurance Information [Line Items]
Net Premiums Earned	$ 756,078	$ 741,291	$ 702,515
Net Investment Income	29,515	26,908	23,527
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	506,388	576,458	487,268
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	122,443	120,964	115,065
Other Underwriting Expenses	114,562	113,270	116,538
Net Premiums Written	752,601	744,016	729,139
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	59,285	60,615
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	869,674	814,665
Unearned Premiums	510,147	506,529
Commercial Lines [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-16, Insurance Companies, Supplementary Insurance Information [Line Items]
Net Premiums Earned	385,465	337,924	318,391
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	242,685	246,048	197,344
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	62,424	55,143	52,149
Other Underwriting Expenses	61,631	51,635	52,817
Net Premiums Written	404,879	349,895	329,116
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	30,947	27,762
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	582,682	518,127
Unearned Premiums	266,297	231,990
Personal Lines [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-16, Insurance Companies, Supplementary Insurance Information [Line Items]
Net Premiums Earned	370,613	403,367	384,124
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	263,703	330,410	289,924
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	60,019	65,821	62,916
Other Underwriting Expenses	52,931	61,635	63,721
Net Premiums Written	347,722	394,121	400,023
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	28,338	32,853
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	286,992	296,538
Unearned Premiums	243,850	274,539
Investments [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-16, Insurance Companies, Supplementary Insurance Information [Line Items]
Net Investment Income	$ 29,515	$ 26,908	$ 23,527

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Transactions on Net Losses and Loss Expenses Our Insurance Subsidiaries Incurred (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Assumed	$ 485,233,762	$ 476,482,451	$ 466,087,983
Ceded	(322,204,999)	(326,545,370)	(320,956,412)
Net premiums written	752,601,289	744,015,804	729,138,922
Insurance Subsidiaries [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Assumed	309,844,705	335,684,463	288,813,105
Ceded	(206,626,026)	(195,570,872)	(173,947,992)
Net premiums written	$ 103,218,679	$ 140,113,591	$ 114,865,113

Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Insurance [Abstract]

Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments

20 - Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments

Our insurance subsidiaries’ liabilities for guaranty fund and other insurance-related assessments were $1.6 million and $1.9 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These liabilities included $519,462 and $583,361 related to surcharges collected by our insurance subsidiaries on behalf of regulatory authorities for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2019 shares
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend	10.00%
Options excluded from diluted earnings per share	5,531,561

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Total	Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Class A Common Stock [Member]	Class B Common Stock [Member]
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2016	$ 438,615,320	$ 236,851,709	$ (2,254,271)	$ 244,942,913	$ (41,226,357)	$ 244,834	$ 56,492
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2016						24,483,377	5,649,240
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans)	2,488,333	2,486,762				$ 1,571
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans), shares						157,085
Stock-based compensation	15,471,719	15,462,479				$ 9,240
Stock-based compensation, Shares						924,019
Net income (loss)	7,116,100			7,116,100
Cash dividends	(15,041,051)			(15,041,051)
Grant of stock options		600,608		(600,608)
Reclassification of tax effects			(475,687)	475,687
Other comprehensive income (loss)	45,683		45,683
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2017	448,696,104	255,401,558	(2,684,275)	236,893,041	(41,226,357)	$ 255,645	$ 56,492
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2017						25,564,481	5,649,240
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans)	2,470,969	2,469,220				$ 1,749
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans), shares						174,899
Stock-based compensation	2,853,911	2,853,111				$ 800
Stock-based compensation, Shares						79,961
Net income (loss)	(32,760,340)			(32,760,340)
Cash dividends	(15,765,614)			(15,765,614)
Grant of stock options		534,534		(534,534)
Reclassification of equity unrealized gains			(4,918,655)	4,918,655
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(6,625,129)		(6,625,129)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018	398,869,901	261,258,423	(14,228,059)	192,751,208	(41,226,357)	$ 258,194	$ 56,492
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2018						25,819,341	5,649,240
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans)	2,227,198	2,225,527				$ 1,671
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans), shares						167,096
Stock-based compensation	4,253,840	4,251,665				$ 2,175
Stock-based compensation, Shares						217,498
Net income (loss)	47,151,744			47,151,744
Cash dividends	(16,219,393)			(16,219,393)
Grant of stock options		415,986		(415,986)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	14,732,229		14,732,229
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 451,015,519	$ 268,151,601	$ 504,170	$ 223,267,573	$ (41,226,357)	$ 262,040	$ 56,492
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2019						26,203,935	5,649,240

Stock Compensation Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]

Information Regarding Activity in Stock Option Plans

Information regarding activity in our stock option plans follows:


	Number of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		9,338,648		$	14.95
Granted - 2017		943,000			17.58
Exercised - 2017		(924,019	)		14.45
Forfeited - 2017		(93,167	)		15.43

Outstanding at December 31, 2017		9,264,462			15.26
Granted - 2018		1,063,000			13.69
Exercised - 2018		(79,961	)		13.74
Forfeited - 2018		(222,639	)		16.00

Outstanding at December 31, 2018		10,024,862			15.09
Granted - 2019		1,045,400			14.97
Exercised - 2019		(217,498	)		13.23
Forfeited - 2019		(416,774	)		15.88

Outstanding at December 31, 2019		10,435,990		$	15.09

Exercisable at:
December 31, 2017		6,946,677		$	14.90

December 31, 2018		7,936,659		$	15.02

December 31, 2019		8,449,389		$	15.13

Summary of Information about Stock Options Outstanding

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 201


Grant Date	Exercise Price		Number of Options Outstanding		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life		Number of Options Exercisable
July 27, 2011	$	12.50		907,101		2.0 years		907,101
December 20, 2012		14.50		1,009,819		3.0 years		1,009,819
December 19, 2013		15.90		1,991,804		4.0 years		1,991,804
December 18, 2014		15.80		1,270,581		5.0 years		1,270,581
December 17, 2015		13.64		1,191,845		1.0 years		1,191,845
December 15, 2016		16.48		1,202,808		2.0 years		1,202,808
December 21, 2017		17.60		799,832		3.0 years		533,168
December 20, 2018		13.69		1,016,800		4.0 years		338,930
March 4, 2019		13.51		10,000		4.2 years		3,333
December 19 , 201 9		14.98		1,035,400		5.0 years		—

		Total		10,435,990				8,449,389

Summary of Plan Activity

A summary of plan activity follows:


	Shares Issued
	Price		Shares
January 1, 2017		13.76		18,512
July 1, 2017		13.52		25,155
January 1, 2018		13.34		20,662
July 1, 2018		11.57		27,802
January 1, 2019		11.60		24,834
July 1, 2019		12.24		22,926

Investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Summary of Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Fixed Maturities

The amortized cost and estimated fair values of our fixed maturities at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:


	2019
Held to Maturity	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	82,916,052	$	1,803,230	$	68,560	$	84,650,722
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		204,634,486		14,236,736		288,174		218,583,048
Corporate securities		156,398,001		8,274,912		333,166		164,339,747
Mortgage-backed securities		32,145,243		611,641		16,057		32,740,827

Totals	$	476,093,782	$	24,926,519	$	705,957	$	500,314,344


	2019
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	19,302,056	$	81,773	$	19,370	$	19,364,459
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		55,162,046		1,641,171		6,929		56,796,288
Corporate securities		154,946,586		4,477,035		180,312		159,243,309
Mortgage-backed securities		327,428,590		2,856,820		737,663		329,547,747

Totals	$	556,839,278	$	9,056,799	$	944,274	$	564,951,803


	2018
Held to Maturity	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	76,222,306	$	174,904	$	1,086,613	$	75,310,597
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		159,292,158		8,236,804		704,104		166,824,858
Corporate securities		127,010,071		396,197		4,391,451		123,014,817
Mortgage-backed securities		40,273,983		64,318		450,277		39,888,024

Totals	$	402,798,518	$	8,872,223	$	6,632,445	$	405,038,296


	2018
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	45,188,053	$	25,241	$	1,003,365	$	44,209,929
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		73,760,836		1,762,127		306,994		75,215,969
Corporate securities		140,688,937		203,393		3,059,185		137,833,145
Mortgage-backed securities		275,474,625		148,967		6,324,331		269,299,261

Totals	$	535,112,451	$	2,139,728	$	10,693,875	$	526,558,304

Summary of Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value of Fixed Maturities by Contractual Maturity

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less	$	16,132,891	$	16,205,362
Due after one year through five years		73,727,277		76,542,800
Due after five years through ten years		182,428,771		191,642,042
Due after ten years		171,659,600		183,183,313
Mortgage-backed securities		32,145,243		32,740,827

Total held to maturity	$	476,093,782	$	500,314,344

Available for sale
Due in one year or less	$	12,943,726	$	13,075,792
Due after one year through five years		89,684,400		91,992,458
Due after five years through ten years		112,308,452		115,407,525
Due after ten years		14,474,110		14,928,281
Mortgage-backed securities		327,428,590		329,547,747

Total available for sale	$	556,839,278	$	564,951,803

Summary of Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Equity Securities

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2019 were as follows:


	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Equity securities	$	43,419,136	$	12,179,912	$	121,492	$	55,477,556

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2018 were as follows:


	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Equity securities	$	40,942,716	$	4,817,917	$	2,093,624	$	43,667,009

Summary of Net Investment Income, consisting Primarily of Interest and Dividends

We derive

net investment income, consisting primarily of interest and dividends, from the following sources:


	2019			2018			2017
Fixed maturities	$	29,969,774		$	27,733,555		$	26,143,924
Equity securities		1,268,056			1,264,120			999,335
Short-term investments		1,243,104			795,522			407,580
Other		29,251			29,450			33,316

Investment income		32,510,185			29,822,647			27,584,155
Investment expenses		(2,995,230	)		(2,914,991	)		(4,056,851	)

Net investment income	$	29,514,955		$	26,907,656		$	23,527,304

Summary of Gross Investment Gains and Losses before Applicable Income Taxes

We present below gross gains and losses from investments, including those we classified as held to maturity, and the change in the difference between fair value and cost of investments:


	2019		2018			2017
Gross gains:
Fixed maturities	$	470,983	$	131,660		$	168,855
Equity securities		10,471,285		1,890,762			6,197,253
Investment in affiliate		12,662,147
		23,604,415		2,022,422			6,366,108
Gross losses:
Fixed maturities		323,746		630,904			98,723
Equity securities		1,296,052		6,193,027			562,130
		1,619,798		6,823,931			660,853
Net investment gains (losses)	$	21,984,617	$	(4,801,509	)	$	5,705,255
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments:
Fixed maturities	$	38,647,456	$	(20,641,433	)	$	2,335,578
Equity securities		9,334,127		(3,501,853	)		1,569,999
Totals	$	47,981,583	$	(24,143,286	)	$	3,905,577

Summary of Fixed Maturities with Unrealized Losses

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2019 as follows:


	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	7,461,245	$	45,688	$	5,394,735	$	42,242
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		23,339,340		293,516		2,326,813		1,587
Corporate securities		19,362,346		263,280		18,803,546		250,198
Mortgage-backed securities		28,507,123		55,729		74,088,769		697,991

Totals	$	78,670,054	$	658,213	$	100,613,863	$	992,018

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2018 as follows:


	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	26,342,398	$	165,774	$	54,900,027	$	1,924,204
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		28,321,962		477,357		21,559,520		533,741
Corporate securities		149,269,854		4,482,870		59,396,885		2,967,766
Mortgage-backed securities		82,593,454		912,616		181,379,875		5,861,992

Totals	$	286,527,668	$	6,038,617	$	317,236,307	$	11,287,703

Interim Financial Data - Summary of Interim Financial Data (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Summary of interim financial data
Net premiums earned	$ 189,420,787	$ 189,821,058	$ 188,763,313	$ 188,073,242	$ 186,150,478	$ 187,661,705	$ 185,714,110	$ 181,764,580	$ 756,078,400	$ 741,290,873	$ 702,514,755
Total revenues	200,938,743	198,009,900	198,788,954	214,713,874	186,805,834	199,904,180	195,790,028	189,328,278	812,451,471	771,828,320	739,026,537
Net losses and loss expenses	121,026,333	130,743,395	131,507,280	123,110,656	143,395,401	140,726,106	135,753,645	156,583,268	506,387,664	576,458,420	487,268,054
Net (loss) income	$ 14,153,747	$ 5,186,379	$ 4,788,454	$ 23,023,164	$ (14,998,763)	$ 1,206,356	$ (789,855)	$ (18,178,078)	$ 47,151,744	$ (32,760,340)	$ 7,116,100
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Net (loss) earnings per common share:
Earnings per share, Basic	$ 0.50	$ 0.19	$ 0.17	$ 0.82	$ (0.53)	$ 0.04	$ (0.03)	$ (0.66)	$ 1.68	$ (1.18)	$ 0.27
Earnings per share, Diluted					(0.53)	0.04	(0.03)	(0.66)	1.67	(1.18)	0.26
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Net (loss) earnings per common share:
Earnings per share, Basic									1.51	(1.09)	0.22
Earnings per share, Diluted	0.50	0.18	0.17	0.82					1.51	(1.09)	0.22
Common stock - basic and diluted	$ 0.45	$ 0.16	$ 0.15	$ 0.75	$ (0.50)	$ 0.04	$ (0.03)	$ (0.60)	$ 1.51	$ (1.09)	$ 0.22

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Federal Income Tax Rate (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent [Abstract]
Income (loss) before income taxes	$ 57,081,030	$ (48,236,849)	$ 12,114,462
Computed "expected" taxes	11,987,016	(10,129,738)	4,240,062
Tax-exempt interest	(1,325,197)	(1,521,090)	(3,241,530)
Proration	357,044	405,204	518,948
Effect of tax reform			4,752,547
Dividends received deduction	(1,913,238)	(99,726)	(508,409)
Net operating loss carryback		(4,210,523)
Tax benefit on exercise of options	(64,765)	(25,938)	(873,515)
Other, net	236,676	105,302	110,259
Pennsylvania income tax, net of federal benefit	651,750
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 9,929,286	$ (15,476,509)	$ 4,998,362

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Text Block [Abstract]

Reconciliations of Statutory Net Income and Capital and Surplus

Reconciliations of statutory net

income

(loss) and capital and surplus, as determined using SAP, to the net

income

(loss) and stockholders’ equity amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Statutory net income (loss) of insurance subsidiaries	$	44,680,696		$	(33,246,417	)	$	1,677,549
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		(1,330,268	)		325,267			3,980,664
Deferred federal income taxes		639,284			4,179,807			1,334,410
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		207,000			2,061,600			1,199,200
Consolidating eliminations and adjustments		(11,048,314	)		(16,013,971	)		(13,534,428	)
Parent-only net income		14,003,346			9,933,374			12,458,705

Net income (loss)	$	47,151,744		$	(32,760,340	)	$	7,116,100


	December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries	$	418,449,596		$	364,518,536		$	407,125,532
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		59,284,859			60,615,127			60,289,860
Deferred federal income taxes		(15,477,843	)		(20,094,374	)		(14,422,511	)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		20,245,200			20,038,200			17,976,600
Non-admitted assets and other adjustments, net		1,727,754			1,904,083			1,960,089
Fixed maturities		(326,795	)		(16,528,367	)		(8,748,140	)
Parent-only equity and other adjustments		(32,887,252	)		(11,583,304	)		(15,485,326	)

Stockholders’ equity	$	451,015,519		$	398,869,901		$	448,696,104

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of how the entity's reporting under GAAP as of the balance sheet date differs from the results based on prescribed and permitted accounting practices of the state or country of domicile in which a relevant statutory filing is made, or differences in results based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) prescribed practices, or a combination thereof. Describes the accounting practices used and the related monetary effect on statutory surplus, net income, and risk-based capital. If an insurance enterprise's risk-based capital would have triggered a regulatory event had it not used a permitted practice, that fact is disclosed in the financial statements. Permitted statutory accounting practices include practices not prescribed but allowed by the domiciliary state insurance department regulatory authority.

+ References + Details

Reinsurance - Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with Unaffiliated Reinsurers (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums written	$ 322,204,999	$ 326,545,370	$ 320,956,412
Premiums earned	314,859,014	326,198,234	310,179,267
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	142,475,767	135,379,777
Unaffiliated Entity [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums written	36,941,997	50,160,604	51,241,267
Premiums earned	39,732,282	51,266,000	49,633,348
Losses and loss expenses	33,615,819	50,652,202	44,575,268
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	7,067,989	10,108,269	11,213,665
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 139,694,097	$ 137,904,346	$ 116,689,871

Supplementary Cash Flow Information - Net Income Taxes and Interest Paid (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]
Income taxes	$ (9,827,433)	$ (3,290,247)	$ 3,050,000
Interest	$ 321,585	$ 1,280,352	$ 1,341,706

Investments - Summary of Fixed Maturities with Unrealized Losses (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less Than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 78,670,054	$ 286,527,668
Less Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	658,213	6,038,617
More Than 12 Months, Fair Value	100,613,863	317,236,307
More Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	992,018	11,287,703
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less Than 12 Months, Fair Value	7,461,245	26,342,398
Less Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	45,688	165,774
More Than 12 Months, Fair Value	5,394,735	54,900,027
More Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	42,242	1,924,204
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less Than 12 Months, Fair Value	23,339,340	28,321,962
Less Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	293,516	477,357
More Than 12 Months, Fair Value	2,326,813	21,559,520
More Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	1,587	533,741
Corporate Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less Than 12 Months, Fair Value	19,362,346	149,269,854
Less Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	263,280	4,482,870
More Than 12 Months, Fair Value	18,803,546	59,396,885
More Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	250,198	2,967,766
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less Than 12 Months, Fair Value	28,507,123	82,593,454
Less Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	55,729	912,616
More Than 12 Months, Fair Value	74,088,769	181,379,875
More Than 12 Months, Unrealized Losses	$ 697,991	$ 5,861,992

Earnings Per Share - Summary of Reconciliation of Numerators and Denominators Used in Basic and Diluted Per Share Computations (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)									$ 38,718	$ (26,691)	$ 5,879
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding									22,986	22,705	21,799
Basic earnings (loss) per share	$ 0.50	$ 0.19	$ 0.17	$ 0.82	$ (0.53)	$ 0.04	$ (0.03)	$ (0.66)	$ 1.68	$ (1.18)	$ 0.27
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)									$ 38,718	$ (26,691)	$ 5,879
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation									22,986	22,705	21,799
Weighted-average shares effect of dilutive securities
Director and employee stock options									211		843
Number of shares used in diluted computation									23,197	22,705	22,642
Diluted earnings (loss) per share					(0.53)	0.04	(0.03)	(0.66)	$ 1.67	$ (1.18)	$ 0.26
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding									5,577	5,577	5,577
Basic earnings (loss) per share									$ 1.51	$ (1.09)	$ 0.22
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss)									$ 8,434	$ (6,069)	$ 1,237
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation									5,577	5,577	5,577
Weighted-average shares effect of dilutive securities
Diluted earnings (loss) per share	0.50	0.18	0.17	0.82					$ 1.51	$ (1.09)	$ 0.22
Basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share	$ 0.45	$ 0.16	$ 0.15	$ 0.75	$ (0.50)	$ 0.04	$ (0.03)	$ (0.60)	$ 1.51	$ (1.09)	$ 0.22

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Text Block [Abstract]

Summary of Insurance Subsidiaries' Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

We summarize activity in our insurance subsidiaries’ liability for losses and loss expenses as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
Balance at January 1	$	814,665,224		$	676,671,727		$	606,664,590
Less reinsurance recoverable		(339,267,525	)		(293,271,257	)		(259,147,147	)

Net balance at January 1		475,397,699			383,400,470			347,517,443

Incurred related to:
Current year		519,319,941			540,826,810			480,646,641
Prior years		(12,932,277	)		35,631,610			6,621,413

Total incurred		506,387,664			576,458,420			487,268,054

Paid related to:
Current year		278,923,614			308,578,285			288,379,600
Prior years		195,956,327			175,882,906			163,005,427

Total paid		474,879,941			484,461,191			451,385,027

Net balance at December 31		506,905,422			475,397,699			383,400,470
Plus reinsurance recoverable		362,768,427			339,267,525			293,271,257

Balance at December 31	$	869,673,849		$	814,665,224		$	676,671,727

Summary of Incurred and Paid Claims Development, Net of Reinsurance and Cumulative Claim Frequency and Total of IBNR Reserves Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims

The following tables present information about incurred and paid claims development as of December

, 2019

, 2010

through 2018

, which we present as supplementary information.

Personal Automobile																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	117,967	$	117,552	$	118,562	$	118,876	$	118,916	$	118,587	$	118,385	$	118,289	$	118,314	$	118,294	$	27		70
2011				127,929		131,678		132,987		133,229		133,617		133,218		133,145		133,142		133,207		73		75
2012						130,415		133,201		135,592		136,493		136,552		136,463		136,141		136,677		215		69
2013								124,965		130,737		131,594		132,643		132,604		132,934		132,853		175		66
2014										124,426		124,806		124,210		126,200		126,779		126,734		264		71
2015												137,596		139,333		139,181		142,493		142,408		732		70
2016														150,216		153,937		157,516		157,943		2,372		73
2017																166,690		176,728		175,939		4,884		79
2018																		186,580		183,358		10,675		80
2019																				161,056		28,339		66

Total																			$	1,468,469

Personal Automobile

	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	75,889	$	96,749	$	107,662	$	113,243	$	116,748	$	117,812	$	117,978	$	118,054	$	118,093	$	118,119
2011				87,191		110,249		121,621		127,545		131,319		132,479		132,714		132,777		132,835
2012						87,517		111,941		124,652		130,862		133,428		134,581		135,132		136,137
2013								84,241		109,051		120,118		125,946		130,026		131,326		131,642
2014										85,377		104,736		114,893		120,491		123,815		124,926
2015												93,611		116,303		128,395		135,027		139,121
2016														102,433		129,507		143,321		151,159
2017																111,964		142,372		159,879
2018																		115,585		150,175
2019																				103,101

Total																				1,347,094
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				719

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	122,094


Homeowners																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims			Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	60,315	$	60,729	$	60,248	$	59,972	$	60,355	$	60,440	$	60,443	$	60,542	$	60,624	$	60,641	$	—			25
2011				71,256		70,461		70,436		70,381		70,297		70,351		70,479		70,642		70,682		—			27
2012						53,962		54,794		54,468		54,351		54,281		54,381		54,523		54,537		—			19
2013								50,887		51,121		51,122		50,874		50,988		50,971		51,008		—			13
2014										56,916		58,378		57,680		57,332		57,288		57,402		(4	)		18
2015												63,359		63,925		63,053		63,071		63,099		45			14
2016														62,443		64,064		63,735		63,355		78			13
2017																79,283		79,911		79,305		724			18
2018																		81,965		83,385		1,657			19
2019																				73,294		6,775			14

Total																			$	656,708


Homeowners
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	47,419	$	57,334	$	59,283	$	59,875	$	60,239	$	60,486	$	60,501	$	60,525	$	60,540	$	60,557
2011				57,588		69,345		70,125		70,351		70,541		70,626		70,648		70,692		70,692
2012						46,566		53,619		54,028		54,298		54,317		54,356		54,557		54,557
2013								40,949		49,410		50,210		50,478		51,043		50,902		50,967
2014										45,823		56,255		56,990		57,195		56,995		57,243
2015												51,885		61,542		62,204		62,590		62,844
2016														50,125		61,145		62,760		63,144
2017																67,077		77,663		78,006
2018																		70,385		79,892
2019																				58,074

Total																				635,976
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				30

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	20,762


Commercial Automobile																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	19,315	$	19,913	$	20,695	$	21,477	$	21,490	$	21,756	$	21,746	$	21,713	$	21,726	$	21,768	$	9		7
2011				26,642		27,157		28,570		28,893		29,112		29,107		29,487		29,751		29,542		18		9
2012						26,557		27,720		30,606		31,435		31,278		31,648		31,803		31,896		28		8
2013								32,902		33,749		34,751		35,240		36,404		36,435		36,569		89		9
2014										42,760		44,544		47,326		48,213		49,284		49,168		270		11
2015												46,526		48,323		51,412		54,259		54,517		662		12
2016														54,302		57,353		65,905		67,127		2,134		13
2017																61,484		67,927		67,697		5,149		14
2018																		79,307		81,396		11,763		15
2019																				88,864		27,764		15

Total																			$	528,544

Commercial Automobile
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	10,778	$	14,180	$	16,426	$	19,030	$	20,804	$	21,014	$	21,482	$	21,549	$	21,558	$	21,559
2011				13,876		19,106		24,267		26,973		28,014		28,758		28,836		29,102		29,474
2012						13,642		20,240		23,718		27,417		29,873		30,402		31,104		31,228
2013								16,306		23,557		26,879		31,053		34,083		36,004		36,106
2014										22,707		31,089		39,436		44,374		47,290		48,418
2015												23,875		35,342		41,678		48,261		51,605
2016														27,033		38,237		48,837		57,237
2017																28,707		40,213		49,703
2018																		33,862		47,941
2019																				36,948

Total																				410,219
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				47

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	118,372

Commercial Multi-Peril																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	28,745	$	29,656	$	29,390	$	29,169	$	29,373	$	29,453	$	29,463	$	29,779	$	29,925	$	30,105	$	—		6
2011				33,054		35,411		35,942		37,576		37,385		38,270		38,105		38,160		38,434		—		7
2012						29,789		30,716		32,449		34,117		35,755		36,214		36,525		36,876		—		6
2013								35,683		35,679		37,292		37,205		37,981		37,365		37,453		38		6
2014										48,204		50,135		51,843		52,336		53,294		53,116		147		7
2015												42,070		43,874		44,728		45,104		45,873		519		6
2016														43,005		46,988		48,267		48,871		2,015		6
2017																56,185		56,043		56,517		4,604		7
2018																		66,265		66,470		10,568		7
2019																				71,865		21,633		6

Total																			$	485,580

Commercial Multi-Peril
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	17,007	$	22,017	$	24,749	$	26,832	$	27,768	$	28,681	$	28,906	$	29,632	$	29,721	$	29,923
2011				18,773		24,767		30,286		33,526		36,722		37,759		38,240		38,366		38,413
2012						16,666		23,384		26,634		29,370		33,327		35,331		35,909		36,329
2013								19,875		26,216		29,159		33,614		35,104		36,321		37,333
2014										27,920		35,520		40,936		47,021		50,017		51,615
2015												21,837		29,419		34,323		39,162		42,849
2016														19,660		29,402		34,612		41,193
2017																27,399		36,926		42,691
2018																		30,597		42,296
2019																				28,210

Total																				390,852
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				425

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	95,153


Workers’ Compensation																					At December 31, 2019
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2010	$	27,304	$	27,859	$	27,010	$	26,637	$	26,944	$	27,121	$	27,037	$	26,984	$	26,801	$	26,829	$	37		5
2011				32,490		35,757		36,614		36,369		35,670		35,039		35,194		34,926		35,034		53		6
2012						39,142		39,516		38,827		37,926		37,163		36,468		35,954		35,932		75		6
2013								46,325		47,027		44,289		42,828		42,327		42,555		42,651		187		6
2014										51,508		51,553		49,288		48,537		47,540		47,693		264		6
2015												53,332		49,615		45,991		44,986		43,006		836		6
2016														58,814		49,802		47,883		44,969		1,630		6
2017																60,450		56,351		52,687		3,362		6
2018																		62,197		55,291		7,081		6
2019																				60,998		19,280		6

Total																			$	445,090

Workers’ Compensation
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2010	$	8,066	$	15,937	$	21,176	$	23,137	$	24,539	$	25,337	$	25,804	$	26,050	$	26,295	$	26,301
2011				9,157		21,450		27,517		31,905		32,394		33,067		33,577		33,963		34,109
2012						11,097		22,963		28,812		31,244		33,196		34,177		34,460		34,622
2013								13,052		26,043		32,783		36,351		38,877		39,617		40,361
2014										13,932		28,513		36,284		40,393		42,465		43,866
2015												13,071		27,531		34,192		36,929		37,936
2016														14,709		30,344		37,178		40,570
2017																15,581		31,990		39,684
2018																		17,644		31,928
2019																				16,939

Total																				346,316
All outstanding liabilities before 2010, net of reinsurance																				3,261

Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance																			$	102,035

Reconciliation of Net Incurred and Paid Claims Development Tables to Liability for Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses

The following table presents a reconciliation of the net incurred and paid claims development tables to the liability for claims and claims adjustment expenses in our consolidated balance sheet:


	At December 31,
(in thousands)	2019
Net outstanding liabilities:
Personal automobile	$	122,094
Homeowners		20,762
Commercial automobile		118,372
Commercial multi-peril		95,153
Workers ’ compensation		102,035
Other		12,524

		470,940

Reinsurance recoverable:
Personal automobile	$	119,364
Homeowners		10,216
Commercial automobile		70,973
Commercial multi-peril		58,765
Workers ’ compensation		81,837
Other		7,177

		348,332

Unallocated loss adjustment expenses	$	50,402

Gross liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	869,674

Supplementary Information about Average Historical Claims Duration

The following table presents supplementary information about average historical claims duration as of December 31, 2019:


	Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years	1			2			3			4			5			6			7			8			9			10
Personal automobile		64.6	%		17.3	%		8.8	%		4.6	%		2.7	%		0.9	%		0.2	%		0.3	%		—	%		—	%
Homeowners		81.5			15.3			1.5			0.6			0.3			0.2			0.1			—			—			—
Commercial automobile		44.0			18.1			13.3			11.3			6.6			2.5			1.2			0.5			0.7			—
Commercial multi-peril		47.8			17.0			10.2			10.0			6.6			3.5			1.6			1.3			0.2			0.7
Workers’ compensation		29.9			31.5			16.3			8.2			4.1			2.5			1.4			0.8			0.7			—

Transactions with Affiliates - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums and losses related to certain products	63.50%	63.90%	64.30%
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence				$ 1,500,000
Charges for services		$ 134,143,158	$ 126,153,511	124,999,770
Maximum [Member] \| Lease Office Equipment And Automobile [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Lease office equipment and automobiles range		10 years
Minimum [Member] \| Lease Office Equipment And Automobile [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Lease office equipment and automobiles range		3 years
Atlantic States [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of share in results of pooled business subsidiary	80.00%	80.00%
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence		$ 2,500,000	2,000,000	2,000,000
Donegal Mutual [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of share in results of pooled business owned by third party	20.00%	20.00%
Premiums and losses related to certain products	100.00%
Premiums and losses related to business of MICO		25.00%
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence	$ 2,000,000
Excess of loss reinsured under an agreement		$ 500,000
Period of Donegal Mutual under lease agreement		10 years
Le Mars [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence		$ 1,000,000	750,000	$ 750,000
Southern [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Premiums and losses related to certain products		100.00%
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence		$ 2,000,000	$ 1,500,000
Excess of loss reinsured under an agreement		500,000
Insurance Subsidiaries [Member]
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence	$ 5,000,000	5,000,000
Excess of loss reinsured under an agreement		$ 5,000,000

Investments - Summary of Cost and Estimated Fair Value of Equity Securities (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Cost	$ 43,419,136	$ 40,942,716
Gross Gains	12,179,912	4,817,917
Gross Losses	121,492	2,093,624
Estimated Fair Value	$ 55,477,556	$ 43,667,009

Transactions with Affiliates

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Text Block [Abstract]

Transactions with Affiliates

3 - Transactions with Affiliates

Our insurance subsidiaries conduct business and have various agreements with Donegal Mutual that we describe in the following subparagraphs:

a. Reinsurance Pooling and Other Reinsurance Arrangements

Atlantic States, our largest insurance subsidiary, and Donegal Mutual have a pooling agreement under which both companies contribute substantially all of their direct written business to the pool and receive an allocated percentage of the pooled underwriting results, excluding certain reinsurance Donegal Mutual assumes from our insurance subsidiaries.

In addition, Donegal Mutual has a 100% quota-share reinsurance agreement with Southern Mutual Insurance Company, or Southern Mutual, and Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from Southern Mutual into the underwriting pool. Atlantic States has an

80% share of the results of the pool, and Donegal Mutual has a 20% share of the results of the pool. The intent of the pooling agreement is to produce more uniform and stable underwriting results from year to year for each pool participant than they would experience individually and to spread the risk of loss between the participants based on each participant’s relative amount of surplus and relative access to capital. Each participant in the pool has at its disposal the capacity of the entire pool, rather than being limited to policy exposures of a size commensurate with its own capital and surplus.

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States ceded to the pool during

2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	218,642,984	$	212,928,238	$	200,752,599
Losses and loss expenses		173,238,503		159,495,489		140,015,950
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		116,189,929		106,224,424		103,991,861
Liability for losses and loss expenses		183,326,589		158,081,925		136,786,070

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States assumed from the pool during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	479,835,362	$	473,512,781	$	451,470,894
Losses and loss expenses		309,852,141		335,789,280		289,503,373
Unearned premiums		237,106,338		231,958,181		228,988,598
Liability for losses and loss expenses		322,658,731		303,546,744		252,263,547

Donegal Mutual and MICO have a quota-share reinsurance agreement under which Donegal Mutual assumes 25% of the premiums and losses related to the business of MICO. Donegal Mutual and Peninsula have a quota-share reinsurance agreement under which Donegal Mutual assumes 100% of the premiums and losses related to the workers’ compensation product line of Peninsula in certain states.

Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from MICO and Peninsula into the underwriting pool.

The following amounts represent reinsurance ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these quota-share reinsurance agreements during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	42,079,112	$	42,813,929	$	42,578,047
Losses and loss expenses		19,617,787		23,175,456		24,978,631
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		19,217,849		19,047,084		19,827,115
Liability for losses and loss expenses		36,597,834		38,434,078		36,396,109

In 2019, each of our insurance subsidiaries had a catastrophe reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual that provided coverage under any one catastrophic occurrence above a set retention of $2,000,000, with a combined retention of $5,000,000 for a catastrophe involving a combination of our insurance subsidiaries, up to the amount Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries retained under catastrophe reinsurance agreements with unaffiliated reinsurers. Through

December 31, 2018, Atlantic States, Southern and Le Mars each had a catastrophe reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual that provided coverage under any one catastrophic occurrence above a set retention ($2,500,000, $2,000,000 and $1,000,000 for Atlantic States, Southern and Le Mars, respectively, for 2018), with a combined retention of $5,000,000 for a catastrophe involving a combination of these subsidiaries, up to the amount Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries retained under catastrophe reinsurance agreements with unaffiliated reinsurers. The set retention was $2,000,000, $1,500,000 and $750,000 for Atlantic States, Southern and Le Mars, respectively, for 2017. Through December 31, 2018, Donegal Mutual and Southern had an excess of loss reinsurance agreement in which Donegal Mutual assumed up to $500,000 of Southern’s losses in excess of $500,000.

The following amounts represent reinsurance that our insurance subsidiaries ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these reinsurance agreements during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019		2018		2017
Premiums earned	$	14,404,636	$	19,190,067	$	17,215,273
Losses and loss expenses		13,769,736		12,899,927		8,953,411
Liability for losses and loss expenses		3,149,907		4,847,176		3,399,207

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net premiums our insurance subsidiaries earned during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Assumed	$	479,835,362		$	473,512,781		$	451,470,623
Ceded		(275,126,732	)		(274,932,234	)		(260,545,919	)

Net	$	204,708,630		$	198,580,547		$	190,924,704

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net losses and loss expenses our insurance subsidiaries incurred during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Assumed	$	309,844,705		$	335,684,463		$	288,813,105
Ceded		(206,626,026	)		(195,570,872	)		(173,947,992	)

Net	$	103,218,679		$	140,113,591		$	114,865,113

b. Expense Sharing

Donegal Mutual provides facilities, management and other services to us and our insurance subsidiaries. Donegal Mutual allocates certain related expenses to Atlantic States in relation to the relative participation of Atlantic States and Donegal Mutual in the pooling agreement. Our insurance subsidiaries other than Atlantic States reimburse Donegal Mutual for their personnel costs and bear their proportionate share of information services costs based on their percentage of the total written premiums of the Donegal Insurance Group. Charges for these services totaled $134,143,158, $126,153,511 and $124,999,770 for 201

, 201

and 201

, respectively.

c. Lease Agreement

We lease office equipment

with terms ranging from 3 to 10 years to Donegal Mutual under a

10-year

lease agreement dated January 1, 2011.

Borrowings (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member]

Amount of FHLB of Indianapolis/Pittsburgh Stock Purchased, Collateral Pledged and Assets Related to MICO's/Atlantic States Agreement

The table below presents the amount of FHLB of Pittsburgh stock Atlantic States purchased, collateral pledged and assets related to Atlantic States’ membership in the FHLB of Pittsburgh at December 31, 2019.


FHLB stock purchased and owned as part of the agreement	$	1,639,200
Collateral pledged, at par (carrying value $36,295,910)		36,370,886
Borrowing capacity currently available		240,569

Property and Equipment - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation expense	$ 282,235	$ 479,550	$ 478,800

Investments - Summary of Gross Investment Gains and Losses before Applicable Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Gain (Loss) on Securities [Line Items]
Gross investment gains	$ 23,604,415	$ 2,022,422	$ 6,366,108
Gross investment losses	1,619,798	6,823,931	660,853
Net investment gains (losses)	21,984,617	(4,801,509)	5,705,255
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments	47,981,583	(24,143,286)	3,905,577
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Gain (Loss) on Securities [Line Items]
Gross investment gains	470,983	131,660	168,855
Gross investment losses	323,746	630,904	98,723
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments	38,647,456	(20,641,433)	2,335,578
Investments In Affiliates [Member]
Gain (Loss) on Securities [Line Items]
Gross investment gains	12,662,147
Equity Securities [Member]
Gain (Loss) on Securities [Line Items]
Gross investment gains	10,471,285	1,890,762	6,197,253
Gross investment losses	1,296,052	6,193,027	562,130
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments	$ 9,334,127	$ (3,501,853)	$ 1,569,999

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Organization and Business

Donegal Mutual Insurance Company (“Donegal Mutual”) organized us as an insurance holding company on

August 26, 1986

Mid-Atlantic,

Midwestern, New England and Southern states.

We have three segments: our investment function, our

Transactions with Affiliates for more information regarding the pooling agreement.

130,000

We and Donegal Mutual sold DFSC to Northwest

Bancshares

Basis of Consolidation

Use of Estimates

Reclassification

We have made certain reclassifications in our prior period financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.

Investments

We classify our debt securities into the following categories:

Held to Maturity - Debt securities that we have the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity; reported at amortized cost.

Short-term investments are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

We amortize premiums and discounts for mortgage-backed debt securities using anticipated prepayments.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

We use the following methods and assumptions in estimating our fair value disclosures:

Investments - We present our investments in

available-for-sale

Cash and Short-Term Investments - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values.

Subordinated Debentures - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values.

Revenue Recognition

Our insurance subsidiaries recognize insurance premiums as income over the terms of the policies they issue. Our insurance subsidiaries calculate unearned premiums on a daily

pro-rata

basis.

Policy Acquisition Costs

Property and Equipment

We report property and equipment at depreciated cost that we compute using the straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives of the assets.

Losses and Loss Expenses

case-by-case

Income Taxes

We currently file a consolidated federal income tax return that includes us and our insurance subsidiaries.

Credit Risk

Our insurance subsidiaries have reinsurance agreements with Donegal Mutual and with a number of major unaffiliated reinsurers.

Reinsurance Accounting and Reporting

non-payment,

our insurance subsidiaries require all of their reinsurers to have an A.M. Best rating of

A-

or better or, with respect to foreign reinsurers, to have a financial condition that, in the opinion of our management, is equivalent to a company with an A.M. Best rating of

A-

or better. We refer to Note 10 - Reinsurance for more information regarding the reinsurance agreements of our insurance subsidiaries.

Stock-Based Compensation

In 2019, 2018 and 2017, we realized $

64,765

, $

25,938

and $

873,515

, respectively, in tax benefits upon the exercise of stock options.

Earnings per Share

Earnings Per Share

% higher than those we declare and pay on our Class B common stock. Accordingly, we use the

two-class

method for the computation of earnings per common share. The

two-class

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Impact of New Accounting Standards

unrealized

gains and $25,751

unrealized

losses on equity securities held at December 31, 2019 in net investment gains for 2019. We recognized $1.2 million of

unrealized

gains and $4.4 million of

unrealized

losses on equity securities held at December 31, 2018 in net investment losses for 2018.

S-K,

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

5 - Fair Value Measurements

We account for financial assets using a framework that establishes a hierarchy that ranks the quality and reliability of inputs, or assumptions, used in the determination of fair value, and we classify financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value in one of the following three categories:

Level 1 - quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;

Level 2 - directly or indirectly observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices; and

Level 3 - unobservable inputs not corroborated by market data.

For investments that have quoted market prices in active markets, we use the quoted market price as fair value and include these investments in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. We classify publicly traded equity securities as Level 1. When quoted market prices in active markets are not available, we base fair values on quoted market prices of comparable instruments or price estimates we obtain from independent pricing services. We classify our fixed maturity investments as Level 2. Our fixed maturity investments consist of U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate securities and mortgage-backed securities.

We present our investments in

available-for-sale

fixed maturity and equity securities at estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of a security may differ from the amount that we could realize if we sold the security in a forced transaction. In addition, the valuation of fixed maturity investments is more subjective when markets are less liquid, increasing the potential that the estimated fair value does not reflect the price at which an actual transaction would occur. We utilize nationally recognized independent pricing services to estimate fair values or obtain market quotations for substantially all of our fixed maturity and equity investments. We generally obtain two prices per security. The pricing services utilize market quotations for fixed maturity and equity securities that have quoted prices in active markets. For fixed maturity securities that generally do not trade on a daily basis, the pricing services prepare estimates of fair value measurements based predominantly on observable market inputs. The pricing services do not use broker quotes in determining the fair values of our investments. Our investment personnel review the estimates of fair value the pricing services provide to determine if the estimates we obtain are representative of fair values based upon the general knowledge of the market of our investment personnel, their research findings related to unusual fluctuations in value and their comparison of such values to execution prices for similar securities. Our investment personnel monitor the market and are familiar with current trading ranges for similar securities and pricing of specific investments. Our investment personnel review all pricing estimates that we receive from the pricing services against their expectations with respect to pricing based on fair market curves, security ratings, coupon rates, security type and recent trading activity. Our investment personnel review documentation with respect to the pricing services’ pricing methodology that they obtain periodically to determine if the primary pricing sources, market inputs and pricing frequency for various security types are reasonable. At December 31, 2019, we received two estimates per security from the pricing services, and we priced substantially all of our Level 1 and Level 2 investments using those prices. In our review of the estimates the pricing services provided at December 31, 2019, we did not identify any material discrepancies, and we did not make any adjustments to the estimates the pricing services provided.

We present our cash and short-term investments at estimated fair value. The carrying values in our balance sheet for premium receivables and reinsurance receivables and payables for premiums and paid losses and loss expenses approximate their fair values. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for our subordinated debentures and borrowings under lines of credit approximate their fair values. We classify these items as Level 3.

We evaluate our assets and liabilities on a regular basis to determine the appropriate level at which to classify them for each reporting period. Based on our review of the methodology and summary of inputs the pricing services use, we have concluded that our Level 1 and Level 2 investments were classified properly at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in

available-for-sale

fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2019:


	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	(in thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	19,364,459	$	—	$	19,364,459	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		56,796,288		—		56,796,288		—
Corporate securities		159,243,309		—		159,243,309		—
Mortgage-backed securities		329,547,747		—		329,547,747		—
Equity securities		55,477,556		53,124,368		2,353,188		—

Total investments in the fair value hierarchy	$	620,429,359	$	53,124,368	$	567,304,991	$	—

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in

available-for-sale

fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 201


	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	44,209,929	$	—	$	44,209,929	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		75,215,969		—		75,215,969		—
Corporate securities		137,833,145		—		137,833,145		—
Mortgage-backed securities		269,299,261		—		269,299,261		—
Equity securities		30,674,835		28,351,110		2,323,725		—

Total investments in the fair value hierarchy		557,233,139		28,351,110		528,882,029		—

Investment measured at net asset value		12,992,174		—		—		—

Totals	$	570,225,313	$	28,351,110	$	528,882,029	$	—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Supplementary Cash Flow Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Net Income Taxes and Interest Paid

The following table reflects net income taxes we (recovered) paid and interest we paid during 2019, 2018 and 2017:


	2019			2018			2017
Income taxes	$	(9,827,433	)	$	(3,290,247	)	$	3,050,000
Interest		321,585			1,280,352			1,341,706

Stock Compensation Plans - Summary of Plan Activity (Detail) - $ / shares	Jul. 01, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019	Jul. 01, 2018	Jan. 01, 2018	Jul. 01, 2017	Jan. 01, 2017
Issue Date One [Member]
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price						$ 13.76
Shares Issued, Shares						18,512
Issue Date Two [Member]
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price					$ 13.52
Shares Issued, Shares					25,155
Issue Date Three [Member]
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price				$ 13.34
Shares Issued, Shares				20,662
Issue Date Four [Member]
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price			$ 11.57
Shares Issued, Shares			27,802
Issue Date Five [Member]
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price		$ 11.60
Shares Issued, Shares		24,834
Issue Date Six [Member]
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price	$ 12.24
Shares Issued, Shares	22,926

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Supplementary Information About Average Historical Claims Duration (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2019
Personal Automobile [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 1	64.60%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 2	17.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 3	8.80%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 4	4.60%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 5	2.70%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 6	0.90%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 7	0.20%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 8	0.30%
Homeowners [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 1	81.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 2	15.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 3	1.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 4	0.60%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 5	0.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 6	0.20%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 7	0.10%
Commercial Automobile [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 1	44.00%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 2	18.10%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 3	13.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 4	11.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 5	6.60%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 6	2.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 7	1.20%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 8	0.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 9	0.70%
Commercial MultiPeril [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 1	47.80%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 2	17.00%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 3	10.20%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 4	10.00%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 5	6.60%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 6	3.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 7	1.60%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 8	1.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 9	0.20%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 10	0.70%
Workers Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 1	29.90%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 2	31.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 3	16.30%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 4	8.20%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 5	4.10%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 6	2.50%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 7	1.40%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 8	0.80%
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance, Year 9	0.70%

Stock Compensation Plans - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)					12 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2020	Jan. 02, 2019	Jan. 02, 2018	Jan. 03, 2017	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2011
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense in stock compensation plans					$ 1,400,000	$ 1,700,000	$ 2,000,000
Income tax benefit of stock compensation plans					288,901	354,412	692,164
Unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested share-based compensation granted under the plan					$ 2,000,000	2,500,000
Weighted average period of unrecognized compensation expense					1 year 10 months 24 days
Cash from option exercises					$ 2,900,000	1,100,000	13,400,000
Tax benefit for tax deductions from option exercises					$ 64,765	$ 25,938	$ 873,515
Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercisable period of stock options					5 years
Restricted shares issued to directors					500
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted					$ 1.15	$ 1.66	$ 1.81
Fair value of risk-free interest rate					1.64%	2.68%	2.01%
Expected life					3 years	3 years	3 years
Expected volatility					17.00%	22.00%	19.00%
Expected dividend yield					4.00%	4.00%	3.00%
Shares available for future option grants					4.0
Equity Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock available for issuance to employees of subsidiaries and affiliates under identical plan					4,500,000
Common stock available for issuance to directors and those of the subsidiaries and affiliates under identical plan					500,000
Equity Incentive Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Additional issued shares		8,500	8,500	9,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercisable period of stock options					10 years
Common stock available for issuance to employees/directors and those of the subsidiaries and affiliates									300,000
Percentage of purchase price of shares					85.00%	85.00%
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Additional issued shares	20,424
Shares issued during period price per share	$ 12.28
Agency Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Additional issued shares					110,836	117,935	104,418
Common stock available for issuance to employees/directors and those of the subsidiaries and affiliates								350,000
Percentage of purchase price of shares					90.00%
Investment					$ 12,000
Number of trading days of subscription period					10 days
2019 Amendment Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock available for issuance to employees/directors and those of the subsidiaries and affiliates					500,000

Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value Measurements for Investments in Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 564,951,803	$ 526,558,304
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	19,364,459	44,209,929
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	56,796,288	75,215,969
Corporate Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	159,243,309	137,833,145
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	329,547,747	269,299,261
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure		570,225,313
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Investments Measured at Net Asset Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure		12,992,174
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	620,429,359	557,233,139
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	19,364,459	44,209,929
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	56,796,288	75,215,969
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Corporate Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	159,243,309	137,833,145
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	329,547,747	269,299,261
Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	55,477,556	30,674,835
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure		28,351,110
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	53,124,368	28,351,110
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	53,124,368	28,351,110
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure		528,882,029
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	567,304,991	528,882,029
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	19,364,459	44,209,929
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	56,796,288	75,215,969
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Corporate Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	159,243,309	137,833,145
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	329,547,747	269,299,261
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] \| Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis [Member] \| Total Investments in the Fair Value Hierarchy [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 2,353,188	$ 2,323,725